Novel microfluidic swirl mixers for scalable formulation of curcumin loaded liposomes for cancer therapy

Microfluidic fabrication of photo-responsive Ansamitocin P-3 loaded liposomes for the treatment of breast cancer

“…This robust scalable method demonstrated high production efficiency with an achievable total flow rate of 320 mL min −1 (ref. 14) (140 mL min −1 was used in this study), which is more than what the commercially available microfluidic devices can achieve (200 mL min −1 ). 51 For the first time, the hydrophobic anticancer agent AP-3 was loaded into a liposomal formulation.…”

“…, size, polydispersity and encapsulation efficiency) and increase the limits of production rate. 7,14,15…”

A Review of Microfluidic Experimental Designs for Nanoparticle Synthesis

“…Passive micromixers used for fabricating nanostructures involve various geometries, including T-shaped mixing channels, coflowing junctions, hydrodynamic flow focusing, staggered herringbone mixer, two-layer crossing channel mixers, and 3D serpentine designs [ 39 , 42 ]. As planar passive micromixers were observed to not provide appropriate mixing efficiency over short channel lengths and wide ranges of Reynolds number, 3D micromixers started being regarded as a convenient alternative.…”

“…The proposed micromixer could generate three types of flow (laminar, transitional, and turbulent flows) depending on the total flow rate applied, could achieve a higher flow rate (>300 mL/min) than many commercially available designs, and could be easily disassembled to allow for channel cleaning and sterilizing. Moreover, the same research group reported the use of swirl mixers for fabricating curcumin-loaded liposomes [ 42 ]. The enhanced mixing performance of the device at transitional and fully turbulent regimes ensured a short mixing time that further favored fast and simultaneous self-assembly of the components.…”

“…In this respect, numerous studies have focused on fabricating microfluidic devices, performing numerical simulations, analyzing fluid movement, and testing the developed microchips in experimental syntheses. Researchers worldwide managed to exploit the advantages of microfluidic technology for generating microdroplets [ 44 , 53 , 59 , 72 , 80 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 ], porous films [ 45 ], double emulsion droplets [ 55 ], nanofibers [ 69 ], microcapsules [ 82 , 83 ], and micro- [ 32 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 70 , 77 , 82 ] and nanoparticles of various compositions, sizes, shapes and morphologies [ 6 , 42 , 50 , 52 , 54 , 60 , 61 , 65 , 66 , 68 , 74 , 76 , 78 , 84 ].…”