Novel methods of molecular sex identification from skeletal tissue using the amelogenin gene

Gibbon, Victoria E.; Paximadis, Maria; Štrkalj, Goran; Ruff, Paul; Penny, Clem

doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2008.10.007

Cited by 54 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Thus assessing sex-specific demographic data such as age and stature while allowing one to better understand the gender-specific roles in a society [9] . The analysis of ancient DNA has the potential to provide answers to archaeological, paleontological and anthropological questions that classical approaches of these disciplines cannot.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Gender Determination of Ancient Human from Malay Peninsular

Hisham¹,

Sahidan²,

Rohaya³

et al. 2009

American J. of Applied Sciences

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Problem statement: DNA samples from fourteen modern human bloods (seven males and seven females) and two ancient skeletal samples excavated from Kalumpang Island and Dungun, Peninsular Malaysia were subjected for molecular genders determination using specific primers of human AMELX and AMELY. Approach: A standard multiple PCR mixture with forward primer and either a human X-specific reverse primer for AMELX or a human Y-specific reverse primer for AMELY amplifications were used to assess the presence of these genes in male and female samples. Results: PCR amplification of a modern male sample yielded 329 and 235 bp bands, whereas a modern female sample only 329 bp band. The Kalumpang Island sample produced two positive bands of AMELY and AMELX. After reamplification of the Dungun sample, only an AMELY band was visible. All amplified bands were cloned into TA plasmid and sequenced. BLAST analysis showed that the 329 bp band is AMELX, while the 235 bp product is AMELY. Conclusion/Recommendations: The skeletal remains of both Kalumpang Island and Dungun samples from west and east of Peninsular Malaysia respectively, are males.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Gender Determination of Ancient Human from Malay Peninsular

Hisham¹,

Sahidan²,

Rohaya³

et al. 2009

American J. of Applied Sciences

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“…From Johannesburg, South Africa, Gibbon et al 45 designed two novel methods of molecular sex identification from 30 skeletal tissues, using amelogenin gene. The classification of sex using the first system was determined by analysing the sequence for 10 sex-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to determine whether both the X and Y (male) or only the X (female) was represented.…”

Section: Mays and Faermanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The classification of sex using the first system was determined by analysing the sequence for 10 sex-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to determine whether both the X and Y (male) or only the X (female) was represented. System two spans an indel (6 bp) in addition to 10 sex-specific SNP 45 . Using both systems of sex identification 14 (46.66%) specimens produced results, and of these 12 (85.71%) were males and 2 (14.28%) were females.…”

Section: Mays and Faermanmentioning

confidence: 99%

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İnsan İskeleti Parçalarından ve Diş Örneklerinden Amelogenin Genini Kullanarak Cinsiyet Belirleme

Zagga¹,

Ahmed²,

Tadros³

et al. 2014

Arşiv Kaynak Tarama Dergisi

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Alternative approaches to sex determination of DNA samples involve investigation of regions of the amelogenin gene. This is the gene that encodes tooth enamel and is present on both the X and Y chromosomes. A review composed via Medline Internet search of literature and contributions from our experiences as well as experiences from colleagues. The rareness of failures in sex determination provides confidence in current techniques, but amelogenin gene method (singly) of sex determination is not without failures. Amelogenin PCR method/system of sex determination should not, at the moment, completely replace traditional methods of sex identification. Hence, sex identification with amelogenin gene, of subjects for forensic purposes should be conducted as much as possible through a multiple morphological-molecular combined methods to avoid fallibility of amelogenin gene.

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“…As rare animals are arduous to capture (Statham et al., 2007) and observe (Ortega, Franco, Adams, Ralls, & Maldonado, 2004), it is important to develop sexing techniques that can be performed on highly degraded noninvasive samples such as feces and hair. The same goes for analysis of ancient remains, such as juvenile skeletons that cannot be sexed anatomically (Gibbon, Paximadis, Strkalj, Ruff, & Penny, 2009), or forensic samples. When using such materials, there is higher risk for false negatives and contamination (Pages et al., 2009); therefore, the amplicon should be as short as possible (Statham et al., 2007) (maximally 200–250 bp) (Pages et al., 2009) and species specific (Esteve Codina, Niederstatter, & Parson, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic sex determination assays in 53 mammalian species: Literature analysis and guidelines for reporting standardization

Hrovatin

Kunej

2017

Ecology and Evolution

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Erstwhile, sex was determined by observation, which is not always feasible. Nowadays, genetic methods are prevailing due to their accuracy, simplicity, low costs, and time‐efficiency. However, there is no comprehensive review enabling overview and development of the field. The studies are heterogeneous, lacking a standardized reporting strategy. Therefore, our aim was to collect genetic sexing assays for mammals and assemble them in a catalogue with unified terminology. Publications were extracted from online databases using key words such as sexing and molecular. The collected data were supplemented with species and gene IDs and the type of sex‐specific sequence variant (SSSV). We developed a catalogue and graphic presentation of diagnostic tests for molecular sex determination of mammals, based on 58 papers published from 2/1991 to 10/2016. The catalogue consists of five categories: species, genes, SSSVs, methods, and references. Based on the analysis of published literature, we propose minimal requirements for reporting, consisting of: species scientific name and ID, genetic sequence with name and ID, SSSV, methodology, genomic coordinates (e.g., restriction sites, SSSVs), amplification system, and description of detected amplicon and controls. The present study summarizes vast knowledge that has up to now been scattered across databases, representing the first step toward standardization regarding molecular sexing, enabling a better overview of existing tests and facilitating planned designs of novel tests. The project is ongoing; collecting additional publications, optimizing field development, and standardizing data presentation are needed.

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Novel methods of molecular sex identification from skeletal tissue using the amelogenin gene

Cited by 54 publications

References 27 publications

Molecular Gender Determination of Ancient Human from Malay Peninsular

Molecular Gender Determination of Ancient Human from Malay Peninsular

İnsan İskeleti Parçalarından ve Diş Örneklerinden Amelogenin Genini Kullanarak Cinsiyet Belirleme

Genetic sex determination assays in 53 mammalian species: Literature analysis and guidelines for reporting standardization

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