Novel marine‐based gold nanocatalyst in solvent‐free synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives: Green and sustainable protocol

Abstract

We report an ecofriendly synthetic approach for the fabrication of biogenic gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using electron‐rich sea cucumber extract as a bio‐reductant and stabilizing agent in reducing gold cations into AuNPs at the optimal conditions. The produced AuNPs are spherical in shape with an average particle size of 11 ± 1.5 nm in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and exhibited a crystal structure of face‐centered cubic in X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analyses. Our results indicated that bioinspired AuNPs demonstrate superior catalytic activity in the safe and facile one‐pot synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives under solvent‐free reaction conditions. This green route encompasses multiple benefits including highly recyclable bioinspired catalyst (5 cycles), short reaction times, convenient workout, high to excellent product yields (82%–97%), and nonhazardous conditions.

Algal magnetic nickel oxide nanocatalyst in accelerated synthesis of pyridopyrimidine derivatives

“…Moreover, introducing chemical-produced NiO NPs (entry 2) increases the resultants yield rather than conventional catalysts (entries 1,3,5) in a shorter time whereas it produced lower yield and a longer reaction time rather than algal NiO NPs (entry 4). It is found that the occurrence of plant-derived phytochemical constituents on the surface of bio-assisted nanoparticles during the synthesis process, would tune the distinctive parameters of decorated nanomaterials such as morphology and particle-size distribution which in turn improve their catalytic properties rather than plain traditional catalysts 6 . For instance, the utilized biogenic NiO NPs in this study exhibited shorter reaction times and higher yields of products in comparison to poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid) mesoporous graphene oxide hybrid (PSSA-MGO) catalyst in the synthetic reaction of alike pyridopyrimidines 60 .…”

Enhanced Sunlight Photocatalytic Activity and Biosafety of Marine-Driven Synthesized Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles: A Future prospect

“…In a similar study, Sarani and Miri demonstrated a comparable absorption peak at 317 which was assigned to the biosynthesized CeO2 NPs using the aqueous extract of Prosopis farcta 15 . Using the Tauc equation, ( ℎ ) 2 = ( ) 2 (ℎ − ) 2 , the direct optical band-gap (Eg) of the biosynthesized CO2 NPs was estimated to be 4.67 eV which is remarkably higher than the corresponding bulk cerium oxide value (3.19 eV) (Fig. 3) 16 .…”

“…The notion "biogenic" refers to a variety of biosynthetic pathways based on flora and fauna extracts. These natural resources include sea cucumber 2 , algae, plants, bacteria, yeast and fungi microorganisms among others 3 . Due to their intrinsic capabilities, green methodologies facilitate the reduction of dissolved metal ions to zero valence state and the production of pertaining nanoparticles.…”

Algal Magnetic Nickel Oxide Nanocatalyst in Accelerated Synthesis of Pyridopyrimidine Derivatives

“…Moreover, introducing chemical-produced NiO NPs increases the resultants yield rather than conventional catalysts (entries 1,3,5) in a shorter time whereas it produced lower yield rather than algal NiO NPs (entry 2). It is found that the occurrence of plant-derived phytochemical constituents on the surface of bio-assisted nanoparticles during the synthesis process, would tune the distinctive parameters of decorated nanomaterials such as morphology and particle-size distribution which in turn improve their catalytic properties rather than plain traditional catalysts 6 . As a result, the designed algal NiO NPs-catalyzed organic synthesis takes major advantages including excellent yields, short time, low cost, simplicity, green chemical reaction condition, and environmental sustainability.…”

“…These microorganisms are commercially and biologically of great importance since they contain valuable phytoconstituents that address the global market needs through virtual engagement in commercial products, for instance, cosmetics, biofuel, and drugs. In the aspect of biosynthesis, marine algae are known as "bionanofactory", and hence, different nanoscale materials including alumina, zinc oxide, gold, have been synthesized through miscellaneous algae as a competent green synthesis method [5][6][7] .…”