Novel hybrid materials for preparation of bone tissue engineering scaffolds

Abstract

The organic-inorganic hybrid systems based on biopolymer hydrogels with dispersed silica nanoparticles were obtained and characterized in terms of their physicochemical properties, cytocompatibility and bioactivity. The hybrid materials were prepared in a form of collagen and collagen-chitosan sols to which the silica nanoparticles of two different sizes were incorporated. The ability of these materials to undergo in situ gelation under physiological temperature was assessed by microviscosity and gelation time determination based on steady-state fluorescence anisotropy measurements. The effect of silica nanoparticles addition on the physicochemical properties (surface wettability, swellability) of hybrid materials was analyzed and compared with those characteristic for pristine collagen and collagen-chitosan hydrogels. Biological studies indicate that surface wettability determined in terms of contact angle for all of the hybrids prepared is optimal and thus can provide satisfactory adhesion of fibroblasts. Cytotoxicity test results showed high metabolic activity of mouse as well as human fibroblast cell lines cultured on hybrid materials. The composition of hybrids was optimized in terms of concentration of silica nanoparticles. The effect of silica on the formation of bone-like mineral structures on exposition to simulated body fluid was determined. SEM images revealed mineral phase formation not only at the surfaces but also in the whole volumes of all hybrid materials developed suggesting their usefulness for bone tissue engineering. EDS and FTIR analyses indicated that these mineral phases consist of apatite-like structures.

Alginate- and gelatin-based bioactive photocross-linkable hybrid materials for bone tissue engineering

“…The hydrogels obtained from the mixture of gelatin and alginate are interesting materials for the preparation of scaffolds because of their chemical similarity to the ECM, their flexibility ensuring fast diffusion of hydrophilic nutrients and metabolites, as well as the low content of dry mass, which reduces irrigation and lowers the amount of degradation products (Yan et al, 2005). The most important requirement for these materials to be applied for bone regeneration is their ability to form a bone-like apatite layer on their surface in the body environment providing a bond with natural bone (Lewandowska-Łańcucka, Fiejdasz, Rodzik, Łatkiewicz, & Nowakowska, 2015). That ability can be determined in in vitro experiments carried out using simulated body fluid conditions, originally developed by Kokubo et al (Kokubo & Takadama, 2006).…”

Control of weft yarn or density improves biocompatibility of PET small diameter artificial blood vessels

“…To assess the growth and adhesion status of cells seeding on biomaterials in vitro, a number of techniques, such as CCK-8, ELISA, SEM and CLSM, have been used to analyze the relationship between surface morphology and cell adhesion. [32][33][34] In this study, CCK-8 and ELISA were selected for evaluating cell proliferation and viability within these six . Cell adhesion on sample F after culture for 3, 5 or 7 days and determined using SEM and CLSM (bar: 25 lm).…”

“…To assess the growth and adhesion status of cells seeding on biomaterials in vitro, a number of techniques, such as CCK-8, ELISA, SEM and CLSM, have been used to analyze the relationship between surface morphology and cell adhesion. [32][33][34] In this study, CCK-8 and ELISA were selected for evaluating cell proliferation and viability within these six samples, as well as the concentration of sICAM-1 in the culture medium, while cell morphology and distribution were assessed with use of SEM and CLSM. In addition, ICAM-1 was used as a marker to explore cell adhesion behavior on the surfaces.…”

PCL films of varying porosity influence ICAM‐1 expression of HUVECs

“…In order to assess the growth and adhesion status of cells seeding on the surface of biomaterials in vitro , most studies use SEM to analyze the relationship between the surface morphology and cell adhesion . A seldom used approach involves use of cell surface proteins, such as cadherin and adhesion molecules, to estimate the ability of cell adhesion on biomaterials.…”

“…In order to assess the growth and adhesion status of cells seeding on the surface of biomaterials in vitro, most studies use SEM to analyze the relationship between the surface morphology and cell adhesion. [39][40][41] A seldom used approach involves use of cell surface proteins, such as cadherin and adhesion molecules, to estimate the ability of cell adhesion on biomaterials. One study that has used this protocol was that of Parizek et al 42 These investigators used vinculin, a cell membrane protein, as an indicator of cell attachment and proliferation on a newly developed nanofibrous poly (lactide-co-glycolide) membrane loaded with diamond nanoparticles.…”