Novel characteristics of Phytophthora infestans causing late blight on potato in Ethiopia

Shimelash, Daniel; Dessie, Birtukan

doi:10.1016/j.cpb.2020.100172

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…who described in detail the pathogen P. infestans by illustrating the sporangiophores and sporangia in which mycelium appeared coenocytic, multinucleated, and aseptated. The sporangium was opaque, lemoniform, and had a papilla at the distal end, as mentioned by Shimelash and Dessie 2020 [22] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

First report of molecular identification of Phytophthora infestans causing potato late blight in Yemen

Harethi

Abdullah

Jobory

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, is one of the most destructive potato diseases in the world. In Yemen, identification of P. infestans still depends on a visual survey and external examination of late blight symptoms. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify P. infestans by using advanced methods. We collected 71 disease samples and isolated the pathogen using the tuber slice method. To identify an isolated pathogen, we performed morphological characterization and gene sequence analysis of the coding genes for internal transcribed spacers. We used Koch's hypotheses to confirm the previous results. In our study. The morphological characters of the mycelium pattern of P. infestans isolates in Yemen were profusely branching, fluffy, and white. The sporangia showed remarkable limoniform papillate sporangial shape. with average length and width of 30.6 and 28.6 µm, respectively. The sequences analysis showed high homology with a degree of identity ranging from 98–100% to the database sequences on GenBank. Pathogenicity tests showed that the P. infestans was the causal agent. To our knowledge, this is the first study of the isolation and characterization of P. infestans in Yemen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

First report of molecular identification of Phytophthora infestans causing potato late blight in Yemen

Harethi

Abdullah

Jobory

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The sporangia length ranged between 0.63 μ m and 0.96 μ m, while the width ranged between 0.36 μ m and 0.50 μ m, respectively. Studies carried by [ 56 ] in Ethiopia revealed two distinct lineages. The Ia mtDNA haplotype lineage had the sporangia that were ellipsoid to ovoid, caduceus, and semipapillate.…”

Section: Morphological and Molecular Diversity Of Phytophth...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Ia mtDNA haplotype lineage had the sporangia that were ellipsoid to ovoid, caduceus, and semipapillate. According to Shimelash and Dessie [ 56 ], the sizes of sporangia from the studied P. infestans averaged 60.5 μ m length and 31.7 μ m width. The sporangia were mostly ellipsoid to ovoid.…”

Section: Morphological and Molecular Diversity Of Phytophth...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sporangia were mostly ellipsoid to ovoid. They were caduceus and semipapillate for Ia mtDNA haplotype lineages of P. infestans and papillate for Ic mtDNA haplotype lineages of P. infestans [ 56 ]. This lineage also revealed the presence of chlamydospores, but all of them were of A1 mating type.…”

Section: Morphological and Molecular Diversity Of Phytophth...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphological and Molecular Variability of Alternaria solani and Phytophthora infestans Causing Tomato Blights

Mugao

2023

International Journal of Microbiology

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Alternaria solani and Phytophthora infestans cause early and late blight diseases in tomato and potato, respectively. A. solani can survive for more than a decade in the soil, seed, or in plant residues at optimum temperature. The pathogen exhibits high molecular and genetic variation between isolates from potato and tomato plants, in different countries. Morphological studies reveal separate conidia borne singly on simple conidiophores. Spores are elongated, muriform, beaked, septate, and dark coloured. The mycelia are branched and septate. A. solani demonstrated a high genetic variability among isolates originating from the United States, Greece, Cuba, Canada, Russia, Turkey, South Africa, Brazil, and China based on vegetative compatibility groups and molecular markers (random amplified polymorphic DNA markers, random amplified microsatellite markers, and amplified fragment length polymorphisms). Different morphological and molecular variations indicate the presence of variability among the isolates. On the other hand, P. infestans is a diploid, obligate, heterothallic, and biotrophic oomycete, whose asexual lifecycle is characterized by alternating phases of sporangia germination, hyphal growth, and sporulation. The mycelia of P. infestans is coenocytic, multinucleate, and aseptate although the cross walls do not form in old cultures. Sporangia are borne singly on the branch tips of the alternately branched sporangiophore. Sporangium is hyaline and lemon shaped with a papilla at the distal end. Mating types A1 and A2 with different clonal lineages have been discovered in various parts of the world indicating variation in the species.

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“…In case, P. infestans infection is widespread and epidemic in 14 potato cultivation districts in Central Java. Humid mountain climate conditions increase the infection risk and make it harder to be controlled [9], since the pathogenicity is high and heterothallic [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinctive Bacteria Consortium of Rhizosphere and Surface Soil from Semi-Organic Potato Cultivation in Magelang, Indonesia

et al. 2023

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Potato cultivation in the middle land is an alternative solution to avoid pathogens. Although it reduces potato quantity and requires more chemical fertilizers to increase production that potentially damages the environment. Therefore, this study aims to characterize contaminations and indigenous microbes from semi-organic potato cultivation centers in Central Java. Soil samples from the semi-organic potato cultivation center of Kledung, Central, were analyzed for metal contamination using the atomic absorption spectrophotometry method and metagenomic soil bacterial diversity profiles. Specifically targeted genes of distinct regions 16SV3-V5. OTUs were identified using Uparse v7.0.1001, while Beta diversity analysis used UniFrac. All these indices in our samples were calculated with QIIME (Version 1.7.0) and displayed with R software (Version 2.15.3). The results showed that semi-organic cultivations had been polluted with Pb > Cd > Cr > As, and carbamate residue was detected in the rhizosphere and surface soil. Manure and compost application alongside NPK fertilizer increases N input, decreasing surface soil bacteria. The surface soil (with a depth of ≤ 5 cm) has a lower index of species richness, diversity, and relative abundance than the rhizosphere layer (depth > 5 cm). Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacterium dominate soil-level bacteria. In comparison, the rhizosphere soil has a higher bacteria diversity dominated by N-tethering rhizobia from the phylum Proteobacteria. The potato root attracts rhizobacteria consortium that support plant growth. A further study should be conducted to describe how the bacterial consortium formed, rhizobia migration from surface to rhizosphere soil, and its interaction with the potato plants. HIGHLIGHTS Semi-organic potato cultivation in Kledung, Temanggung, Indonesia, is contaminated with heavy metals, especially Pb, which is the highest pollutant, and the carbamate residue Excessive nitrogen (N) input from organic and chemical fertilizers reduces the diversity of soil surface bacteria Then manure application as organic fertilizer introduces pathogenic bacteria such as Eschericia-Shigella, Faecalibaculum, Fusobacteria, Bacilli, and Enterococcus The rhizosphere soil is dominated by N-fixating rhizobia from Proteobacteria, including Pseudoxanthomonas Mexicana, Lysobacteria , Devosia riboflavina, Aminobacter sp., Bosea sp., Allorhizobium, Neorhizobium, Pararhizobium, and Rhizobium GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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Novel characteristics of Phytophthora infestans causing late blight on potato in Ethiopia

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

First report of molecular identification of Phytophthora infestans causing potato late blight in Yemen

First report of molecular identification of Phytophthora infestans causing potato late blight in Yemen

Morphological and Molecular Variability of Alternaria solani and Phytophthora infestans Causing Tomato Blights

Distinctive Bacteria Consortium of Rhizosphere and Surface Soil from Semi-Organic Potato Cultivation in Magelang, Indonesia

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