Novel Bionic Topography with MiR-21 Coating for Improving Bone-Implant Integration through Regulating Cell Adhesion and Angiogenesis

Abstract

Implant loosening is still the major form of the failure of artificial joints. Herein, inspired by the operculum of the river snail, we prepared a novel bionic micro/nanoscale topography on a titanium surface. This bionic topography promoted early cell adhesion through up-regulating the expression of ITG α5β1 and thus accelerated the following cell spreading, proliferation, and differentiation. Moreover, a miR-21 coating, which promoted the angiogenic differentiation of MSCs, was fabricated on the bionic topography. Benefiting from both bionic micro/nanoscale topography and miR-21, blood vessel growth and bone formation and mineralization around the implant, as well as bone-implant bonding strength, were significantly improved. Collectively, the present study highlights the combination of the bionic micro/nanoscale topography and miR-21 on promoting cell adhesion and angiogenic differentiation and improving in vivo angiogenesis and bone-implant osseointegration. This work provides a new train of thought propelling the development of implants for potential application in the orthopedics field.

3D printed submicron patterns orchestrate the response of macrophages

“…48 Unraveling the role of ECM topographies in the polarization of macrophages has motivated researchers to use patterning techniques for the development of ECM-mimicking implant surfaces. The surface topography of implants influences the adhesive interactions, 51 cell morphology 52,53 and gene expression [54][55][56] of the cells that come into contact with them. The type and dimensions of surface features play a crucial role in modulating the response of both immune (e.g., monocytes and macrophages) 57 and bone (e.g., osteoblasts and osteoclasts) cells 58 existing in the tissue microenvironment.…”

Analytical Techniques for the Characterization of Bioactive Coatings for Orthopaedic Implants

“…Osseointegration is defined as the direct structural and functional connection between the living bone and the surface of the load-bearing implant, which results from numerous cellular and extracellular biological processes [ 4 ]. Cell adhesion can be strongly influenced by the topographic features of the implant (hydrophilicity, roughness) [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Drug-eluting porous implants and biodegradable implants that degrade over time and are replaced by healthy body tissue have also attracted considerable interest [ 8 , 9 ].…”

Water lubrication of graphene oxide-based materials

“…Bio-lubrication uses lubrication theory and methods for friction pairs in biological systems. It studies the tribological problems of biological systems or external surfaces of biological systems including the friction between human body replacement joints and biological tissues [120][121][122], the adhesion of blood on artificial implant [123,124], tooth wear [125][126][127], and skin friction [128,129].…”