Nothing is permanent except change: A case study of crime displacement in Switzerland

Grossrieder, Lionel; Chopin, Julien; Jendly, Manon; Genessay, Thibault; Baechler, Simon

doi:10.1057/sj.2015.24

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Sherman (1990) also reports that crackdowns did not lead to crime displacement to nearby areas in most of the studies he reviewed. Crime displacement in response to directed crime-prevention efforts is not commonly found, and its effect is weaker than the overall crime-reduction effect (Clarke and Weisburd, 1994; Hesseling, 1994; Bowers and Johnson, 2003; Guerette and Bowers, 2009; Novak et al, 2016; Grossrieder et al, 2017; Décary-Hétu and Giommoni, 2017; Nelson, 2018; Coomber et al, 2019).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hot-spot policing is a policing strategy based on sites in which traditional policing strategies, such as increasing the number of police officers and arrests, are implemented in places where crime rates are disproportionately higher than in other locations within a jurisdiction (Braga et al, 2012; Telep and Weisburd, 2012; Weisburd and Eck, 2004; Santos, 2014; Novak et al, 2016; Grossrieder et al, 2017; Ariel and Partridge, 2017; Piza, 2018; Andresen and Hodgkinson, 2018; Mugari and Thabana, 2018; Koche and Weisburd, 2018; Haberman and Stiver, 2019; Schaefer et al, 2019). According to Santos (2014), the research on the efficacy of hot-spot policing is rigorous and abundant, such as the study on patrols led by uniformed private security guards to fight street violence in the Swedish city of Örebro (Frogner et al, 2013).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, studies have identified the following four types of strategies used by law enforcement agencies in various contexts: the Standard Model of Policing (Telep and Weisburd, 2012; Santos, 2014); Community Policing (Suve et al, 2015; Lobnikar et al, 2016; Saberi, 2017; Crowl, 2017; Musuguri, 2018; Spasić and Radovanović, 2019; Harrison and Gill, 2019); Problem-oriented policing (Porter and Graycar, 2016; Carson and Wellman, 2018; Factor, 2018; Goldstein, 2018; Kailemia, 2019); and hot spot policing (Novak et al, 2016; Grossrieder et al, 2017; Ariel and Partridge, 2017; Piza, 2018; Andresen and Hodgkinson, 2018; Mugari and Thabana, 2018; Koche and Weisburd, 2018; Haberman and Stiver, 2019; Schaefer et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Operational research applied in the field of public security

Basílio

Pereira

2020

JM2

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Purpose Because that the crime in a wide way impacts the life of the people in the big metropolis, researchers have treated the question from several angles. The purpose of the paper, under the umbrella of operational research, is to develop a model of the ordering of police strategies, in the fight against crime in general, according to a certain criminal demand. Design/methodology/approach For the construction of the impact matrix of the strategies under the reduction of crime rates, considering a portfolio of crimes, a questionnaire applied to specialists was used. In a second moment, defined the criteria and strategies to be ordered, the multicriteria ELECTRE IV method was used, which with the help of the J-Electre software emulated the systematized data in the impact matrix and produced the final ordering of the most efficient strategies, in the fight against crime, in the perception of decision-makers. Findings As a result, the research revealed that policing strategies directed at solving specific crimes are the most effective in the perception of decision-makers after the emulation of data with the ELECTRE IV method. Research limitations/implications As research implications, it can be inferred that the use of multicriteria methods in the modeling of problems in the area of public security can contribute to rationalization of the use of the means available in the fight against crime in large cities. The research showed that it is possible to use customized policing strategies to a certain reality. Practical implications The method presented in this research is directly related to the major strategies: problem-oriented policing and hot spot policing. This method allows public safety managers to consider the possibility of combining different law enforcement strategies in each context. In this sense, the use of the multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) (ELECTRE IV) method allows the evaluation of a large set of alternatives according to a set of established criteria, speeding up the process and reducing subjectivity, allowing the manager to analyze several scenarios with greater clarity and impartiality and choosing an alternative that best solves the proposed problem. The expected result is the rationalization of the available means applied in the search for the reduction of crime rates. Social implications The customization of policing strategies, according to criminal demands, implies the efficient way to reduce criminal charges. Reducing criminal rates enables the development of the local economy, tourism and the quality of life of people by exercising their freedom to the full. Originality/value The originality lies in filling a gap in the literature with the elaboration of the impact matrix of policing strategies in reducing criminal indices, and in their associated use in ordering strategies through a multicriteria method.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Operational research applied in the field of public security

Basílio

Pereira

2020

JM2

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“…This approach takes seriously the idea that situations can give rise to crime and that this can be avoided by changing the situations that seem to be causing the calls (Goldstein, 1990; Braga et al , 1999; Porter and Graycar, 2016; Carson and Wellman, 2018; Factor, 2018). Hot spots policing: this strategy assumes that sending patrols to areas with higher criminal activity will reduce crime rates (Sherman and Weisburd, 1995; Braga, 2001; Guerette and Bowers, 2009; Novak et al , 2016; Grossrieder et al , 2017; Ariel and Partridge, 2017; Piza, 2018; Andresen and Hodgkinson, 2018; Mugari and Thabana, 2018; Rinehart Kochel and Weisburd, 2019). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hot spots policing: this strategy assumes that sending patrols to areas with higher criminal activity will reduce crime rates (Sherman and Weisburd, 1995; Braga, 2001; Guerette and Bowers, 2009; Novak et al , 2016; Grossrieder et al , 2017; Ariel and Partridge, 2017; Piza, 2018; Andresen and Hodgkinson, 2018; Mugari and Thabana, 2018; Rinehart Kochel and Weisburd, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A model of policing strategy choice

Basílio¹,

Brum

Pereira

2020

JM2

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a method for the discovery of knowledge in emergency response databases based on police incident reports, generating information that identifies local criminal demands that allow the selection of the appropriate policing strategies portfolio to solve the problem. Design/methodology/approach The developed model uses a methodology for the discovery of knowledge involving text mining techniques using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) integrated with the ELECTRE I multicriteria method. Findings The developed method allowed the identification of the most common criminal demands that occurred from January 1 to December 31, 2016, in the policing areas studied. One of the crimes does not occur homogeneously in a particular locality. In this study, it was initially observed that 40 per cent of the crimes identified in the Integrated Public Safety Area 5, or AISP-5, (historical city center of RJ) had no correlation with AISP-19 (Copacabana - RJ), and 33 per cent of crimes crimes in AISP-19 were not identified in AISP-5. This finding guided the second part of the method that sought to identify which portfolio of policing strategies would be most appropriate for the identified demands. In this sense, using the ELECTRE I method, eight different scenarios were constructed where it can be identified that for each specific criminal demand set there is a set of policing strategies to be applied. Research limitations/implications The collected data represent the social dynamics of neighbourhoods in the central and southern zones of the city of Rio de Janeiro during the specific period from January 2013 to December 2016. This limitation implies that the results cannot be generalised to areas with different characteristics. Practical implications The developed methodology contributes in a complementary way to the identification of criminal practices and their characteristics based on reports of police occurrences stored in emergency response databases. The knowledge generated through the identification of criminal demands allows law enforcement decision makers to evaluate and choose among the available policing strategies, which best suit the reality they study, and produce the reduction of criminal indices. Social implications It is possible to infer that by choosing appropriate strategies to combat local crime, the proposed model will increase the population’s sense of safety through an effective reduction in crime. Originality/value The originality of the study lies in the integration of text mining techniques, LDA and the ELECTRE I method for detecting crime in a given location based on crime reports stored in emergency response databases, enabling identification and choice, from customized policing strategies to particular criminal demands.

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Scripting Extrafamilial Child Sexual Abuse: A Latent Class Analysis of the Entire Crime-Commission Process

Chopin

Beauregard²

2020

Child Abuse & Neglect

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Nothing is permanent except change: A case study of crime displacement in Switzerland

Cited by 4 publications

References 23 publications

Operational research applied in the field of public security

Operational research applied in the field of public security

A model of policing strategy choice

Scripting Extrafamilial Child Sexual Abuse: A Latent Class Analysis of the Entire Crime-Commission Process

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