Not so elementary – the reasoning behind a medical diagnosis

Abstract

Making a diagnosis is a complex process involving incomplete yet dynamic information. At no other time in the history of medicine has information been so readily available and accessible resulting in a greater need for clarity of thinking. A clear understanding of the underlying reasoning processes involved is necessary so as to avoid misdiagnosis and to avoid unnecessary often costly and time-consuming tests. This article explores the main reasoning processes inherent in the making of a diagnosis -deduction, induction and abduction.