Nosocomial fungal infections — study of the possible role of cockroaches (Blattella germanica) as vectors

Fotedar, Ravi; Banerjee, Uma

doi:10.1016/0001-706x(92)90069-a

Cited by 39 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…CPM sources for animals may also be insects and other invertebrates, as we found in Period A (Table 4) and as also described by some other authors (Fotedar and Banerjee, 1992;Matlova et al, 1998). Insect nets have been installed in the windows of stables in the investigated herd at the beginning of Period B in 2002.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Isolation of conditionally pathogenic mycobacteria from the environment of one pig farm and the effectiveness of preventive measures between 1997 and 2003

Pavlík¹,

Mátlová²,

Gilar³

et al. 2007

Vet. Med. - Czech

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392Tuberculosis in pigs causes high economic losses farmers from all over the world. The most consequential causative agents of tuberculosis in pigs at present are members of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTC) and M. avium (MAC) complexes. The losses are above all caused by restriction of animal transport from infected farms (with the exception of slaughterhouses), culling of animals positive during the tuberculin testing and the price of meat and organs from slaughtered infected animals (Alfredsen and Skjerve 1993;Dey and Parham, 1993;Morita et al., 1994;Balian et. al., 1997;Cvetnic et al., 1998; Positive skin responses were found in animals with antibodies against MAH (18; 23.7%), MAA (3; 4.0%) and MI (9; 11.8%) antigens. By serological examination of 17 sows with repeated dubious responses for tuberculin skin testing with avian tuberculin, no antibodies against MAA were detected; MAH antibodies and MI antibodies were found in eight and two animals, respectively. By post mortem examination of lymph nodes (ln) and organ samples from all 76 animals with responses to avian tuberculin, no tuberculous/tuberculoid lesions were detected. By culture examination of ln and organs from 13 animals, conditionally pathogenic mycobacteria (CPM) were isolated from only one animal (breeding boar): from mesenteric, pulmonary, hepatic ln and from spleen tissue samples. These isolates were identified as MAH and CPM by the PCR method and biochemically. By investigation of the external environment (205 samples), 33 (16.3%) CPM isolates were obtained: 13 MAH, eight M. fortuitum, one M. nonchromogenicum, one M. abscessus, one M. scrofulaceum and nine unidentified isolates, which were non-MAC according to the PCR examination. Non-specific responses obtained in the intravital tests (skin and serological tests) caused by CPM present in the environment substantially complicated diagnosis of avian tuberculosis. Based on these findings, animal hygiene measures have been adopted since 2002; resulted in a decrease of environmental contamination with CPM and a reduction in the number of animals giving positive responses to avian tuberculin.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Isolation of conditionally pathogenic mycobacteria from the environment of one pig farm and the effectiveness of preventive measures between 1997 and 2003

Pavlík¹,

Mátlová²,

Gilar³

et al. 2007

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…1 In addition some parasites and fungi have been found in external surfaces or internal parts of body of cockroaches. 7,8 Cockroaches are one of the most significant and offensive pests found in apartments, homes, food handling establishments, hospitals, and health care facilitiesworldwide. 9 In fact, they live in most human habitations, specially where food is stored, processed, prepared or served.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hospital cockroaches with drug-resistant bacteria have been suggested to play a role in the epidemiology of nosocomial infections. 5,8 Furthermore, a neonatal unit infested with cockroaches suffered an outbreak of disease due to extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. 4 Even though cockroaches are medically important as they harbor many human pathogens and are associated with infectious disease, the public health importance of this vector is not well documented in the study area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cockroach Associated Foodborne Pathogens: Distribution and Antibiogram

Naher¹,

Afroz²,

Hamid³

2018

Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull

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Cockroaches are among the most common pests in public dwellings and health facilities. Owing to their close association with man and all his surroundings they are considered aspotential carrier and transmitter of human diseases. In hospital, cockroaches are the possible vector of nosocomial infection, specially for the transmission of drug resistant bacteria. The aim of the present study was to identify the major cockroach species, to isolate common foodborne pathogens from cockroach and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of isolated bacteria. This case control study was conducted on cockroaches captured from hospital, restaurants and houses in Dhaka city, from a period of July to December 2014. A total of 450 cockroaches were collected. Among these 300 cockroaches (150 from hospital and 150 from restaurants) were considered as case and 150 cockroaches from houses were enrolled as control group. All (100%) cockroaches were identified as Blattellagermanica. Examination of external surface and gut homogenates showed that all (100%) cockroaches carried bacteria, while carriage rate of fungi and parasites were 28.2% and 3.7% respectively. Of 1901 isolated bacteria, Escherichia coli (15.3%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.4%) and Salmonella spp. (12.9%) were the predominant bacteria. Other bacteria of medical relevance included, Shigella spp. (6.4%), Klebsiella spp. (8.8%), Proteus spp. (9.6%) and Staphylococcus aureus (4.3%). Antibiotic resistance pattern showed high resistance rate (62.4%) of bacterial isolates to different antibiotics. Additionally, 1051(55.3%) of the isolates were multi drug resistant (MDR) strains, which were resistant to 5-14 antibiotics. The findings of this study revealed that cockroaches are potential source of pathogenic microorganisms including multi drug resistant bacterial strains, which could be a major threat to public health. Hence, effective preventive and control measures are required to minimize cockroach related infections.

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“…A survey of students', teachers' and low-income employees' residences revealed average total counts of 1.35 x 10 8 , 5.99 x 10 7 and 1.64 x 10 8 respectively [8]. In another study, 98.5 % of cockroaches from hospitals and residences were carriers of microorganisms and involved in the aetiology of nosocomial infections [10,11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological studies of cockroaches from three localities in Gaborone, Botswana

Mpuchane¹,

Matsheka²,

Gashe³

et al. 2011

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development

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Cockroaches have become the most common pests in a majority of households in Gaborone, the capital city of Botswana Their presence has always raised safety concerns, especially as carriers of food-borne pathogens and food-spoilage organisms. To address the safety issues, bacteriological investigations were carried out on cockroaches trapped from the kitchens and toilets of three localities in Gaborone, households in Botswana. The bacterial, total spore forming, Bacillus cereus, coliforms and E. coli counts from the surfaces of cockroaches were estimated using bacteriological media. Aerobic and facultatively anaerobic bacteria from the fecal pellets were isolated and characterized. Specialized media were used for culturing pathogens. 67 %, 22.2 % and 28.6 % of the cockroaches trapped in the kitchen from Central/Broadhurst, Old Naledi and Tlokweng, respectively, had aerobic plate counts of > 10 6 CFU/cockroach. The cockroaches trapped from the toilets had higher counts than kitchens. Sporeformers were present in most samples though in lower numbers. However, Bacillus cereus was only found in some of the cockroaches at much lower numbers. As much as 70-98.3% of the cockroaches had coliforms; but, E. coli was only found in 5-6.5% of the cockroaches at > 10 3 CFU/cockroach. 70 species of bacteria representing 37 genera were isolated from the surface and fecal pellets. Even though the majority of the bacteria that were isolated from the surfaces were Gram negative those from the pellets were mostly Gram positive. The most common and abundant species belonged to Pseudomonas and Serratia, with members of the Enterobacteriaceae following. In the pellets, species of Bacillus were predominant, but, there were some members of Enterobacteriaceae. Pathogens like Salmonella, Shigella and B. cereus were isolated. Opportunistic pathogens like species of Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and Vibrio and food spoilage bacteria such as species of Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Escherichia, Erwinia, and Pseudomonas were also found. Proper care in disposal of food remnants and overall cleanliness at the households prevents cockroaches from foraging in the kitchen and toilet. Une attention particulière devra être prêtée à la disposition des restes alimentaires ainsi qu'à la propreté générale des ménages afin de prévenir la fouille des cancrelats dans les cuisines et toilettes.

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Nosocomial fungal infections — study of the possible role of cockroaches (Blattella germanica) as vectors

Cited by 39 publications

References 7 publications

Isolation of conditionally pathogenic mycobacteria from the environment of one pig farm and the effectiveness of preventive measures between 1997 and 2003

Isolation of conditionally pathogenic mycobacteria from the environment of one pig farm and the effectiveness of preventive measures between 1997 and 2003

Cockroach Associated Foodborne Pathogens: Distribution and Antibiogram

Microbiological studies of cockroaches from three localities in Gaborone, Botswana

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