Normalization and denormalization in different legal contexts: Comparing cannabis and tobacco

Asbridge, Mark; Valleriani, Jenna; Kwok, Jason M; Erickson, Patricia G.

doi:10.3109/09687637.2015.1118442

Cited by 41 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Mest systematisk ble tesen fremmet i boka Illegal Leisure: The Normalisation of Adolescent Recreational Drug Use (Parker, Aldridge et al, 1998). Seinere har modifiserte versjoner av tesen blitt brukt av canadiske forskere, som har vist at graden av normalisering kan avhenge av sosial kontekst (Asbridge, Valleriani et al, 2016), mens danske forskere viste at rammeverket, og saerlig dimensjonen knyttet til positive holdninger, predikerer cannabisdebut (Holm, Tolstrup et al, 2016).…”

Section: Innledningunclassified

Mer bruk av cannabis blant Oslo-ungdom: Hvem er i risikosonen?

Pedersen¹,

Bakken²,

Soest³

2019

NOST

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Cannabis ble introdusert i Norge på 1960-tallet, i kjølvannet av ungdomsopprøret som rullet over den vestlige verden. Bruken var stabil på 1970-og 80-tallet, men økte kraftig på 1990-tallet og ble da knyttet til teorien om «normalisering». Det ble hevdet at cannabis var i ferd med å spre seg til helt vanlige ungdomsgrupper. Bruken av cannabis øker nå igjen i Oslo. Har økningen vaert knyttet til en «normalisering» som det ble hevdet skjedde på 1990-tallet? Vi bruker surveystudien Ung i Oslo, som har pågått fra 1996 til 2018. Elever fra grunnskolen og videregående skole har deltatt. Mest inngående blir materialet fra 2015 (N = 21.017) og 2018 (N = 23.261) belyst. Det ble samlet inn data om cannabisbruk, sosiodemografiske kjennetegn, foreldrerelasjoner, skoleresultater, angst og depresjon, ensomhet og atferdsproblemer. Bruken av cannabis var høy på 1990-tallet og stabiliserte seg så på et lavere nivå etter årtusenskiftet. Den økte så markant fra 2015 til 2018. Da var det naermere 40 % av guttene i slutten av videregående skole som hadde brukt stoffet. Brukerne fortsatte likevel å rapportere flere psykososiale problemer enn andre, som dårligere oppfølging av foreldre, svake skoleresultater, atferdsproblemer, angst og depresjon. Slike problemer var mer uttalt blant de yngre enn eldre brukerne. Konklusjonen er at økningen i bruken av cannabis ikke er knyttet til noen klar «normalisering» av brukerne. Saerlig de yngste brukerne har fortsatt mange psykososiale utfordringer. Funnene peker imidlertid mot et paradoks: Bruken er høyest i Oslo vest hvor levekårene er bedre enn øst i byen. Hos de eldste brukerne er det også en positiv sammenheng til høy sosiale klasse og brukerne har flere naere venner enn ikke-brukerne. Vi trenger derfor mer forskning på hvordan tradisjonelle risikofaktorer spiller sammen med sosial klasse, oppvekst-og skolekulturer, nettverk og grad av integrasjon.

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Section: Innledningunclassified

Mer bruk av cannabis blant Oslo-ungdom: Hvem er i risikosonen?

Pedersen¹,

Bakken²,

Soest³

2019

NOST

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“…Contributions to the special issue come from the UK, Canada and Australia and explore what stable and declining drug use rates among young people mean for normalisation (Williams, 2016) and whether a denormalisation, or renormalisation, of some substance use has occurred, particularly with respect to tobacco and nicotine (Asbridge, Valleriani, Kwok, & Erickson, 2016;Measham, O'Brien, & Turnbull, 2016). Important criminal justice issues such as the normalisation of the social supply of illicit drugs (Coomber, Moyle, & South, 2016) and the incongruence between cannabis policy and community attitudes to cannabis (Asbridge et al, 2016) are explored.…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Important criminal justice issues such as the normalisation of the social supply of illicit drugs (Coomber, Moyle, & South, 2016) and the incongruence between cannabis policy and community attitudes to cannabis (Asbridge et al, 2016) are explored. Papers also focus on somewhat neglected aspects of normalisation such as gender and ethnicity (Hathaway, Mostaghim, Kolar, Erickson, & Osborne, 2016), socioeconomic status and broader structural factors shaping drug use (O'Gorman, 2016), age and intimate relationships (Green, 2016), the importance of social context (Asbridge et al, 2016;Hathaway et al, 2016) and routes of ingestion (Measham et al, 2016) in understanding processes of normalisation.…”

Section: Editorialmentioning

confidence: 99%

The normalisation thesis – 20 years later

Pennay

Measham

2016

Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy

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“…4 Cannabis use has become less stigmatized and more accepted as normative behaviour. 5,6 Given these developments, it is of interest to examine trends in cannabis-attributable harms. About 9% of cannabis users develop cannabis use disorder, 7 a state characterized by problematic use despite clinically significant impairment or distress.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in treatment of problematic cannabis use in Ontario’s specialized addiction treatment system from 2010/11 to 2015/16: a repeated cross-sectional study of a health administrative database

Imtiaz

Kurdyak

Samokhvalov

et al. 2018

cmajo

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Background: Little is known about trends in the treatment of problematic cannabis use in Canada. Trends in treatment utilization for problematic cannabis use were examined, as well as trends in the associated sociodemographic characteristics and frequency of cannabis use. Methods: This was a repeated cross-sectional study using data from the Drug and Alcohol Treatment Information System, capturing utilization of all community funded addiction treatment services in Ontario, Canada. Clients in treatment for their own problematic cannabis use from 2010/11 to 2015/16 were included. Two distinct groups were formed: clients with problematic cannabis use only (the cannabis-only group) and clients with problematic use of cannabis and other substances (the cannabis-plus group). Estimates of the number of clients in each of these groups and their cannabis use frequency (past 30 days) were characterized over time by new admissions and total caseload (new admissions plus carryovers). Results: There were 152 984 admissions for 83 621 clients over the study period. The number of clients with new admissions in the cannabis-only group decreased from 2954 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2848-3062) in 2010/11 to 2342 (95% CI 2248-2439) in 2015/16. Similar downward trends were observed in the number of clients in the total caseload of this group. The number of clients with new admissions in the cannabis-plus group was stable, but the total caseload increased from 20 139 clients (95% CI 19 862-20 419) in 2011/12 to 21 816 (95% CI 21 527-22 107) in 2015/16. Proportions of daily cannabis use increased among clients in both groups. Interpretation: The number of clients in treatment for problematic cannabis use only decreased over the study period, but the frequency of cannabis use increased among clients in both groups. Given the potential reductions in treatment that is unnecessary from a clinical standpoint, alignment of treatment programming with disorder severity may be warranted.

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Normalization and denormalization in different legal contexts: Comparing cannabis and tobacco

Cited by 41 publications

References 62 publications

Mer bruk av cannabis blant Oslo-ungdom: Hvem er i risikosonen?

Mer bruk av cannabis blant Oslo-ungdom: Hvem er i risikosonen?

The normalisation thesis – 20 years later

Trends in treatment of problematic cannabis use in Ontario’s specialized addiction treatment system from 2010/11 to 2015/16: a repeated cross-sectional study of a health administrative database

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