Noninvasive assessment of bone mineral and structure: State of the art

Genant, Harry K.; Engelke, Klaus; Fuerst, Thomas; Glüer, Claus‐C.; Grampp, S.; Harris, Steven T.; Jergas, M.; Lang, Thomas; Lü, Ying; Majumdar, Sharmila; Mathur, Ashwini; Takada, Masa

doi:10.1002/jbmr.5650110602

Cited by 810 publications

(215 citation statements)

References 211 publications

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“…Also, DXA measures integral aBMD and so does not separately measure cortical and trabecular bone; thus no information of the relative contributions of these two compartments to bone density and strength is provided. (20) Separate assessment of cortical and trabecular bone is essential because the two types of bone differ in their agerelated changes, (21) mechanical roles, and response to preventive and curative treatments for osteoporosis. Trabecular bone is about eight times more metabolically active than cortical bone and is subjected to early and rapid changes with advancing age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo discrimination of hip fracture with quantitative computed tomography: Results from the prospective European Femur Fracture Study (EFFECT)

Bousson

Adams

Engelke³

et al. 2010

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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In assessing osteoporotic fractures of the proximal femur, the main objective of this in vivo case-control study was to evaluate the performance of quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and a dedicated 3D image analysis tool [Medical Image Analysis Framework-Femur option (MIAF-Femur)] in differentiating hip fracture and non-hip fracture subjects. One-hundred and seven women were recruited in the study, 47 women (mean age 81.6 years) with low-energy hip fractures and 60 female non-hip fracture control subjects (mean age 73.4 years). Bone mineral density (BMD) and geometric variables of cortical and trabecular bone in the femoral head and neck, trochanteric, and intertrochanteric regions and proximal shaft were assessed using QCT and MIAF-Femur. Areal BMD (aBMD) was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 96 (37 hip fracture and 59 non-hip fracture subjects) of the 107 patients. Logistic regressions were computed to extract the best discriminates of hip fracture, and area under the receiver characteristic operating curve (AUC) was calculated. Three logistic models that discriminated the occurrence of hip fracture with QCT variables were obtained (AUC ¼ 0.84). All three models combined one densitometric variable-a trabecular BMD (measured in the femoral head or in the trochanteric region)-and one geometric variable-a cortical thickness value (measured in the femoral neck or proximal shaft). The best discriminant using DXA variables was obtained with total femur aBMD (AUC ¼ 0.80, p ¼ .003). Results highlight a synergistic contribution of trabecular and cortical components in hip fracture risk and the utility of assessing QCT BMD of the femoral head for improved understanding and possible insights into prevention of hip fractures. ß

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo discrimination of hip fracture with quantitative computed tomography: Results from the prospective European Femur Fracture Study (EFFECT)

Bousson

Adams

Engelke³

et al. 2010

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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“…In the central sites (spine and hip), the trabecular bone consists of a major part (N70% in vertebrae) [95,96], and is a fast metabolic component [97]. There was a strong variation in the bone annual loss rate in the study cohort with different age and clinical implications.…”

Section: Comparing the Bone Loss Rate Between The Trabecular And Cortmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Studies indicated that the trabecular QCT of spinal bone displayed a strong capability for assessment of the bone loss rate and for discrimination of osteoporotic vertebral fractures. In comparison to the central bone, the peripheral bone had the weakest capability for these applications [7,76,95].…”

Section: Comparison Of Annual Change Rate Of Bone Density Between Thementioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of quantitative computed tomography for assessment of trabecular bone mineral density, microarchitecture and mechanical property

et al. 2016

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a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oOsteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease, causing increased skeletal fragility characterized by a low bone mass and trabecular microarchitectural deterioration. Assessment of the bone mineral density (BMD) is the primary determinant of skeletal fragility. Computed tomography (CT)-based trabecular microarchitectural and mechanical assessments are important methods to evaluate the skeletal strength. In this review, we focus the feasibility of QCT BMD measurement using a calibration phantom or phantomless. The application of QCT could extend the bone mineral density assessment to all patients who underwent a heart, lung, whole-body, and as well as all routine clinical implications of CT scan.

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“…These studies have thus been limited to two-dimensional measurements of areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and bone mineral content. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) enables volumetric (v) measurement of peripheral bone properties (including vBMD) and the distinction between cortical and trabecular bone [12], otherwise unattainable in the standard aBMD quantification by DXA. Few studies investigating the effects of dairy product intake, however, have used pQCT for bone measurement [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dairy product intake and bone properties in 70-year-old men and women

et al. 2018

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Summary In the present population-based study including 70-year-old men and women, total dairy product intake was associated with a weak positive association with tibia trabecular and cortical cross-sectional areas. Purpose Milk consumption has recently been suggested to increase fracture risk. Therefore, we aimed to investigate associations between dairy product consumption and peripheral bone properties. Furthermore, we explored whether consumption of milk and fermented dairy products affected bone properties differently. Methods The Healthy Aging Initiative is a population-based, cross-sectional study investigating the health of 70-year-old men and women. Out of the 2904 individuals who met the inclusion criteria, data on self-reported daily dairy product consumption (dl/ day), peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) examinations at the 4 and 66% scan sites of the tibia and radius, and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were collected from 2040 participants. Associations between dairy product consumption and bone properties were examined using multiple linear regression models adjusted for sex, muscle area, meal size, dietary protein proportion, current smoking status, and objectively measured physical activity. Results Total dairy product intake was associated with larger trabecular (2.296 (95% CI, 0.552-4.039) mm 2 , per dl/day increase, p = 0.01) and cortical cross-sectional areas (CSAs) in the tibia (1.757 (95% CI, 0.683-2.830 mm 2 , p = 0.001) as measured by pQCT and higher areal bone mineral density (aBMD) of the radius (3.231 (95% CI, 0.764-5.698) mg/cm 2 , p = 0.01) as measured by DXA. No other measurement in the tibia, radius, femoral neck, or lower spine was associated significantly with dairy product intake. Bone properties did not differ according to the type of dairy product consumed. Conclusion No evidence of a negative association between dairy product consumption and bone health was found. Furthermore, total dairy product consumption was associated with increased CSAs in the tibia, regardless of dairy product type. Collectively, our findings indicate the existence of a weak but significant positive association between dairy product consumption bone properties in older adults.

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Noninvasive assessment of bone mineral and structure: State of the art

Cited by 810 publications

References 211 publications

In vivo discrimination of hip fracture with quantitative computed tomography: Results from the prospective European Femur Fracture Study (EFFECT)

In vivo discrimination of hip fracture with quantitative computed tomography: Results from the prospective European Femur Fracture Study (EFFECT)

Application of quantitative computed tomography for assessment of trabecular bone mineral density, microarchitecture and mechanical property

Dairy product intake and bone properties in 70-year-old men and women

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