Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus and Coma

Abstract

Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is common in patients with coma with a prevalence between 5 and 48%. Nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) is an electroclinical state associated with an altered mental status (AMS) but lacking convulsive motor activity. It is difficult to diagnose in the obtunded/comatose patients. Such patients have often other serious medical conditions, and the diagnosis of NCSE is frequently delayed in these patients. Diagnosing NCSE demands a high degree of clinical suspicion and for that reason likely remains under-recognized. The most important question, however, is whether the treatment of NCSE in coma improves the outcome of these patients or not. In this review, we aimed to summarize the EEG patterns in NCSE to further delineate the borders between comatose forms of NCSE and comaepileptiform discharges and to evaluate modified EEG criteria for NCSE in a coma.

The effect of glycemic control on sleep quality in type 2 diabetes mellitus

“…To initiate sleep, firstly, there must be cyclical stimuli from the pre-hypothalamus and the ventrolateral preoptic nucleus in the hypothalamus is accepted as playing a role in line with endogenous chemical stimuli. Sleep comprises two periods of rapid eye movement (REM) and non-rapid eye movement (NREM) [3]. Just as disruption in any of these systems may cause sleep disorder, it is necessary for these systems to operate flawlessly for quality sleep.…”