Non‐polio enteroviruses in acute flaccid paralysis children of India: Vital assessment before polio eradication

Dhole, Tapan N.; Ayyagarí, A; Chowdhary, Rashmi; Shakya, Akhalesh Kumar; Shrivastav, Nikky; Datta, Tapas; Prakash, Vijay

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1754.2009.01529.x

Cited by 39 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…HEVs are a significant cause of infection in the children of this region, presenting in endemic or epidemic form [12][13][14][15][16]. Previous reports about HEV circulation have been published from this region [12][13][14][15][16]. Both conventional [12] and molecular methods [13][14] were used in these studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High frequency of enterovirus serotype circulation in a densely populated area of India

Kumar

Shukla

Srivastava

et al. 2013

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: In the state of Uttar Pradesh in India, enteroviruses are a significant cause of infection presenting in endemic or epidemic forms. The present study aimed to use molecular methods to identify enterovirus serotypes in clinical specimens to determine their circulation in the community. Methodology; A total of 320 clinical specimens were collected between January 2009 and December 2010 from children younger than 15 year of age in northern India. Reverse-transcription (RT) real time PCR and semi-nested RT PCR targeting the 5′untranslated region and VP1 region was used for the detection and identification of enterovirus serotypes. Results: The enterovirus genome was detected in 79 (24.7%) of 320 clinical specimens by real time PCR. Central nervous system syndrome (CNS) was the most common clinical manifestation (n=32, 62.74%), followed by respiratory tract infection (n=8, 15.69%), acute febrile illness (n=7, 13.73%), and gastrointestinal disease (n=4, 7.84%). A total of 32 different serotypes were identified with the predominance of coxsackievirus B5 and echovirus 6. Phylogenetic analysis of partial VP1 gene sequences from this study showed that many enterovirus serotypes showed good similarity with strains from America and Europe in comparison to neighbouring Asian countries. Conclusions: To our knowledge this is the first study of enterovirus prevalence from northern India based on unbiased molecular methods which leads to the identification of fifteen different enterovirus serotypes. The high frequency of enterovirus B species serotypes circulation may be an important cause of CNS infection in the children of this region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High frequency of enterovirus serotype circulation in a densely populated area of India

Kumar

Shukla

Srivastava

et al. 2013

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…The importation/exportation of the CV-B3 genogroups across countries is presumed to be due to frequent population exchange (Tao et al, 2012). In India, although a few studies have demonstrated an association of CV-B3 with AFP (Dhole et al, 2009;Laxmivandana et al, 2013;Rao et al, 2012), genomic characterization of such strains has not been reported to date.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic characterization of coxsackievirus type B3 strains associated with acute flaccid paralysis in south-western India

Laxmivandana

Cherian

Yergolkar

et al. 2016

Journal of General Virology

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Acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) associated with coxsackievirus type B3 (CV-B3) of the species Enterovirus B is an emerging concern worldwide. Although CV-B3-associated AFP in India has been demonstrated previously, the genomic characterization of these strains is unreported. Here, CV-B3 strains detected on the basis of the partial VP1 gene in 10 AFP cases and five asymptomatic contacts identified from different regions of south-western India during 2009-2010 through the Polio Surveillance Project were considered for complete genome sequencing and characterization. Phylogenetic analysis of complete VP1 gene sequences of global CV-B3 strains classified Indian CV-B3 strains into genogroup GVI, along with strains from Uzbekistan and Bangladesh, and into a new genogroup, GVII. Genomic divergence between genogroups of the study strains was 14.4 % with significantly lower divergence (1.8 %) within GVI (n512) than that within GVII (8.5 %) (n53). The strains from both AFP cases and asymptomatic contacts, identified mainly in coastal Karnataka and Kerala, belonged to the dominant genogroup GVI, while the GVII strains were recovered from AFP cases in north interior Karnataka. All study strains carried inter-genotypic recombination with the structural region similar to reference CV-B3 strains, and 59 non-coding regions and non-structural regions closer to other enterovirus B types. Domain II structures of 59 non-coding regions, described to modulate virus replication, were predicted to have varied structural folds in the two genogroups and were attributed to differing recombination patterns. The results indicate two distinct genomic compositions of CV-B3 strains circulating in India and suggest the need for concurrent analysis of viral and host factors to further understand the varied manifestations of their infections.

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“…Poliovirus belongs to the Enterovirus genera, Picornaviridae family with three distinctive serotypes (Type 1, 2, and 3) (Bodian et al, 1949;Thompson et al, 2006;Dhole et al, 2009;Mugisha et al, 2010). Poliovirus can be transmitted primarily through the fecal-oral route and also the respiratory system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is one of the major four contagious diseases in the world, with low mortality, but high morbidity rates (Bodian et al, 1949;Thompson et al, 2006;Dhole et al, 2009;Mugisha et al, 2010). Poliovirus belongs to the Enterovirus genera, Picornaviridae family with three distinctive serotypes (Type 1, 2, and 3) (Bodian et al, 1949;Thompson et al, 2006;Dhole et al, 2009;Mugisha et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And to effectively evaluate the influence of vaccination schedules on the people's immune status as well as to improve immunization programmes, virological and immunological studies are, no doubt, required (Patriarca et al, 1991;Moriniere et al, 1993;Pelczar et al, 1993;Fine and Carneiro, 1990 Tafuri et al, 2008;Dhole et al, 2009;Platt et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunological evaluation of sequential poliovirus vaccination among Saudi and non-Saudi children living in Jeddah

Alattas¹

2017

Afr. J. Microbiol. Res.

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Non‐polio enteroviruses in acute flaccid paralysis children of India: Vital assessment before polio eradication

Cited by 39 publications

References 28 publications

High frequency of enterovirus serotype circulation in a densely populated area of India

High frequency of enterovirus serotype circulation in a densely populated area of India

Genomic characterization of coxsackievirus type B3 strains associated with acute flaccid paralysis in south-western India

Immunological evaluation of sequential poliovirus vaccination among Saudi and non-Saudi children living in Jeddah

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