Non-Invasive Methods for PWV Measurement in Blood Vessel Stiffness Assessment

Fiori, Giorgia; Fuiano, Fabio; Scorza, Andrea; Conforto, Silvia; Sciuto, Salvatore Andrea

doi:10.1109/rbme.2021.3092208

Cited by 23 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 106 publications

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“…Previous approaches for the detection of arterial elasticity included central aortic pressure (CAP), CT, ultrasound, and X-ray plain scanning, but all of them exhibit limitations. In recent years, arterial pulse wave velocity (PWV) has been widely used in the detection of arterial elasticity and achieved certain clinical results [ 13 , 14 ]. It contributes to the early identification and prevention of vascular sclerotic illnesses by identifying arterial elasticity, vascular stiffness, and vascular stenosis [ 15 , 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Correlation between Serum Sclerostin Level and Arterial Stiffness in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Liu¹,

Ma²,

Ma³

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective. To study the correlation between serum sclerostin (SO) and arterial stiffness in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods. The study included 50 Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) for more than 6 months at the nephrology department of our hospital. Without regard for age, the eligible patients were assigned to a low PWV group and a high PWV group with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (Ba PWV) of 1400 cm/s as the cutoff value. Patient characteristics such as age, gender, height, weight, BMI, smoking history, dialysis age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), urea clearance index (Kt/V), residual renal function (RRF), and diabetes mellitus (DM) were analyzed. Biochemical indices for analysis include hemoglobin (Hb), albumin (ALB), total cholesterol (TC), urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREA), triglyceride (TG), uric acid (UA), parathyroid hormone (PTH), blood phosphorus(P), fasting blood glucose (GLU), corrective calcium (Ca), calcium-phosphorus product, low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), SO, and arterial stiffness. Results. There were 9 males and 16 females in the low PWV group and 12 males and 13 females in the high PWV group. Statistical significance was absent in patient characteristics despite more males in the high PWV group ( P = 0.055 ). The low PWV group had significantly lower mean age, SBP, SO, and PWV level, fewer diabetic patients, and higher CREA than the control group. Analysis of PWV-related factors showed that PWV was positively correlated with age, P, Ca, GLU, SBP, PTH, and SO while negatively correlated with CREA. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that age, SO, and SBP demonstrated great potential to predict PWV ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. The degree of vascular sclerosis is highly correlated with SO level in Parkinson’s disease patients, which might provide a theoretical basis for the evaluation of cardiovascular illness in Parkinson’s disease patients. High serum sclerostin level is a risk factor for deteriorated arterial stiffness. Given the limited sample size, the relevant results require further validation by expanding the sample size.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Correlation between Serum Sclerostin Level and Arterial Stiffness in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

Liu¹,

Ma²,

Ma³

et al. 2022

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…This device measures the PWV between the carotid and radial arteries using piezoelectric clips (sensors) placed around the neck and the wrist (93). This device is suggested to be accurate and reliable in the non-invasive assessment of PWV and is utilized in studies in South Africa to measure PWV (94)(95)(96)(97). However, one of the limitations of this device is that it is operator-dependent in accurately positioning the sensors in the various arteries to measure the waveform.…”

Section: Pulse Wave Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This may lead to discrepancies between the distance measured between the sensors and the actual path length traveled by the pulse wave. Furthermore, the sensors are highly sensitive to motion and may be affected by the positioning of the arteries (94,98).…”

Section: Pulse Wave Velocitymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Vascular Dysfunction and Determinants: The Case of Children of African Ancestry

et al. 2021

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The balance between dilatory and constrictive factors is important as it keeps blood vessels in a homeostatic state. However, altered physiological processes as a result of obesity, hypertension, oxidative stress, and other cardiovascular risk factors may lead to vascular damage, causing an imbalance of vasoactive factors. Over time, the sustained imbalance of these vasoactive factors may lead to vascular dysfunction, which can be assessed by non-invasive methods, such as flow-mediated dilation, pulse wave velocity, flow-mediated slowing, retinal vessel analysis, peripheral vascular reactivity, and carotid intima-media thickness assessment. Although there is increasing prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (obesity and hypertension) in children in sub-Saharan Africa, little is known about how this may affect vascular function. This review focuses on vasoactive factors implicated in vascular (dys)function, highlighting the determinants and consequences of vascular dysfunction. It further describes the non-invasive methods used for vascular (dys)function assessments and, last, describes the impact of cardiovascular risk factors on vascular dysfunction in children of African ancestry.

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“…At present, the assessment method of arterial stiffness is a mainly functional test and the most common method for arterial stiffness detection is pulse wave velocity (PWV) (15)(16)(17). PWV is a simple, effective, and economical non-invasive index including carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and heart-femoral pulse wave velocity (hfPWV) and baPWV is more convenient and commonly used in the clinic (9,17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Plasma Fibulin-1 and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Arterial Stiffness

Luo

Yan

Liang

et al. 2022

Front. Cardiovasc. Med.

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Arterial stiffness forms the basis of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and is also an independent predictor of CVD risk. Early detection and intervention of arterial stiffness are important for improving the global burden of CVD. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is the gold standard for assessing arterial stiffness and the molecular mechanism of arterial stiffness remains to be studied. Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is one of the major mechanisms of arterial stiffness. Partial quantitative changes of ECM proteins can be detected in plasma. Therefore, we examined the hypothesis that a discovery proteomic comparison of plasma proteins between high arterial stiffness (baPWV ≥ 1,400 cm/s) and normal arterial stiffness (baPWV < 1,400 cm/s) populations might identify relevant changed ECM proteins for arterial stiffness. Plasma samples were randomly selected from normal arterial stiffness (n = 6) and high arterial stiffness (n = 6) people. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) based quantitative proteomics technique was performed to find a total of 169 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). Nine ECM proteins were included in all DEPs and were all up-regulated proteins. Fibulin-1 had the highest statistically fold-change (FC = 3.7, p < 0.0001) in the high arterial stiffness population compared with the control group during the nine ECM proteins. The expression of plasma fibulin-1 in normal arterial stiffness (n = 112) and high arterial stiffness (n = 72) populations was confirmed through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Similarly, ELISA results showed that plasma concentrations of fibulin-1 in the high arterial stiffness group were higher than those in the normal arterial stiffness group (12.69 ± 0.89 vs. 9.84 ± 0.71 μg/ml, p < 0.05). Univariate analysis of fibulin-1 with brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) indicated that fibulin-1 was positively correlated with baPWV in all participants (r = 0.32, p < 0.01) and a stronger positive correlation between baPWV and fibulin-1 in high arterial stiffness group (r = 0.64, p < 0.0001) was found. Multiple regression analysis of factors affecting baPWV showed that fibulin-1 was also a significant determinant of the increased ba-PWV (R2 = 0.635, p = 0.001). Partial correlation analysis showed that baPWV increased with the growth of plasma fibulin-1(r = 0.267, p < 0.001). In conclusion, our results demonstrated that fibulin-1 is positively correlated with ba-PWV and an independent risk factor for arterial stiffness.

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Non-Invasive Methods for PWV Measurement in Blood Vessel Stiffness Assessment

Cited by 23 publications

References 106 publications

The Correlation between Serum Sclerostin Level and Arterial Stiffness in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

The Correlation between Serum Sclerostin Level and Arterial Stiffness in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients

An Overview of Vascular Dysfunction and Determinants: The Case of Children of African Ancestry

Association Between Plasma Fibulin-1 and Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity in Arterial Stiffness

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