Non-destructive analysis of small irregularly shaped homogenous samples by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

Bos, M.; Vrielink, J.A.M.; Linden, Willem J. van der

doi:10.1016/s0003-2670(00)00771-6

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…In addressing this problem, Gauvin and Lifshin (2000) developed a Monte Carlo program that simulated the X-ray spectrum from samples having a rough surface. The shape and intensity of such X-ray spectra were shown to be strongly influenced by changes in the generation and absorption of X-rays as the beam was moved across the Bos et al (2000) introduced a new calibration procedure for small samples of irregular shape based on conventional calibration samples and small modifications to existing procedures and software. Typical errors were of the order of 1.4-1.5%.…”

Section: Discussion Of Advantages and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portable XRF of Archaeological Artifacts: Current Research, Potentials and Limitations

Liritzis

Zacharias²

2010

X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) in Geoarchaeology

100

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Section: Discussion Of Advantages and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Portable XRF of Archaeological Artifacts: Current Research, Potentials and Limitations

Liritzis

Zacharias²

2010

X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (XRF) in Geoarchaeology

100

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“…The elemental content (Ca, Si, Al, S, Mg, Na, K, Se) was (i) measured directly in the equilibrium solutions and (ii) measured in the solid after LiBO 2 fusion and dissolution with HNO 3 (2%). The alkali fusion protocol was adapted from the studies of Bos et al, 9 Smirnova et al 10 and Tsolakidou et al 11 The elemental content was measured using the following techniques: ion chromatography (IC; DIONEX), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS; VG Elemental PC ExCell) and UVvisible spectroscopy (UV-vis; VARIAN CARY 50 PROBE). All solids were dried with silica gel for 2 weeks under an N 2 atmosphere and stored at 30% relative humidity in a glove box (except for solids stored at 708C, which were kept in an N 2 -filled-desiccator in an oven).…”

Section: Cementitious Matrices Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of thermally altered cement pastes. Influence on selenite sorption

Macé¹,

Landesman²,

Pointeau³

et al. 2007

Advances in Cement Research

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Cementitious materials are an integral part of the engineered barrier system in the French design of a deep geological radioactive waste repository. A maximum increase in temperature to 708C resulting from exothermic hydration reactions and heat generation by the radioactive waste could lead to significant changes in hydrated cement paste mineralogy, which in turn will affect the sorption of radionuclides. Cementitious materials were prepared with ordinary Portland Cement at 20 and 708C using different temperature conditions of hardening, cure and alteration. Selenite uptake was measured in each system. The sorption of selenite was studied in a pH and Eh range where Se(IV) is stable. Sorption kinetics and sorption isotherms of selenite were determined at 20 and 708C for up to 140 days in the concentration range of 2 3 10 -11 to 8 3 10 -4 mol/l for initial selenite. With increasing temperature, the hydrogarnet phase appeared and the crystallinity of C-S-H phases increased (formation of afwillite). Ettringite could no longer be detected. With the temperature increase, the specific surface area was about four times lower than the specific surface area of the sample aged at 208C. The distribution ratios (R d ) decreased with temperature as a result. At 208C, there was an initial fast sorption process (surface process) followed by a slower process such as a diffusion process into the solid phases. R d values of 3600 AE 400 l/kg were obtained for 208C altered cement suspensions at 30 days and for selenite concentration ranging from 8 3 10 -12 to 6 3 10 -7 mol/l. At 708C, the sorption kinetics were similar and R d values were found to be 1290 AE 80 l/kg. Saturation of the sorption site(s) was observed for selenite concentrations greater than approximately 2 3 10 -7 mol/l.

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“…When high energy X-rays are directed at the material it fluoresces at specific wavelengths according to each element. 9 An 8 g sample was taken for analysis after being finely ground in a mortar and pestle (grinding proved to be especially important for the Edmonton fly ash which is not of a uniform size). The material was mixed with a liquid resin and then pressed in a mould forming a disk 1.5 cm in diameter and heated overnight to solidify.…”

Section: The Testing Of Three Different Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The analysis of flue gas treatment residues using non-destructive X-ray fluorescence as a regulatory compliance test

et al. 2005

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Non-destructive analysis of small irregularly shaped homogenous samples by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

Portable XRF of Archaeological Artifacts: Current Research, Potentials and Limitations

Portable XRF of Archaeological Artifacts: Current Research, Potentials and Limitations

Characterisation of thermally altered cement pastes. Influence on selenite sorption

The analysis of flue gas treatment residues using non-destructive X-ray fluorescence as a regulatory compliance test

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