Non-coding RNAs: Identification of Cancer-Associated microRNAs by Gene Profiling

Ferdin, Jana; Kunej, Tanja; Calin, George A.

doi:10.1177/153303461000900202

Cited by 66 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…Unique miRNA sequences are detected in corresponding healthy and malignant tissues [77]. More than 50% of all miRNAs in humans are located in sensitive regions of chromosomes that undergo amplification, deletion and translocation during carcinogenesis [78,79].…”

Section: Methods Of Mirna Expression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

miRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Perspectives

Florczuk¹,

Szpechcinski²,

Chorostowska‐Wynimko³

2017

Targ Oncol

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Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. Up to 85% of lung cancer cases are diagnosed as nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The effectiveness of NSCLC treatment is expected to be improved through the implementation of robust and specific biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding molecules that play a key role in the regulation of basic cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis, by controlling gene expression at the post-transcriptional level.

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Section: Methods Of Mirna Expression Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

miRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Perspectives

Florczuk¹,

Szpechcinski²,

Chorostowska‐Wynimko³

2017

Targ Oncol

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“…[6][7][8] In addition, alterations in miRNA expression have been described in many different human tumors, and numerous studies have demonstrated that miRNAs function as key pathogenic components impacting cancer cell growth, survival and the capacity to metastasize. 7,[9][10][11][12][13] Furthermore, miRNAs serve as instructive molecular surrogates in the distinction of benign from malignant as well as in prognostic algorithms of outcome in various tumor types. [14][15][16] Finally, it is feasible to obtain high-quality miRNA expression data from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) melanomas-often the only tissue available for retrospective analyses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Loss of microRNA-205 expression is associated with melanoma progression

Liu

Tetzlaff

Liu

et al. 2012

Laboratory Investigation

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In this study, we used formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded melanocytic tumors to demonstrate reproducible alterations in microRNA expression in nevi compared with melanomas using a microarray platform. We validated those results in an independent set of nevi and melanomas by quantitative RT-PCR. miR-205 demonstrated a statistically significant, progressive diminution in expression from nevi to primary melanomas to metastatic melanomas. Enforced miR-205 expression in melanoma cells profoundly impairs cell motility and migration along with significantly decreased F-actin polymerization with only a modest reduction in cell proliferation. Using a xenograft model, melanoma cells overexpressing miR-205 exhibit a reduced migratory capacity compared with control tumor cells. Mechanistically, miR-205 overexpression results in decreased expression of the zinc-finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) mRNA and protein.This coincides with increased expression of E-cadherin mRNA and protein. Furthermore, re-introduction of ZEB2 into melanoma cells overexpressing miR-205 rescues these phenotypic effects and results in a restoration of cell migration and F-actin polymerization with a concomitant reduction in E-cadherin expression. Together, these results provide in vitro and in vivo evidence for miR-205 as a critical suppressor of melanoma cell migration.

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“…The biogenesis of miRNAs is well documented (Figure 1) and the involvement of miRNAs in regulation of cancer-related events is well established [28] . These small non-coding RNAs are believed to be involved in every single aspect of the development and progression of human cancers.…”

Section: Brief Overview Of Micrornas (Mirnas)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of miRNAs by Natural Agents: Nature’s way of dealing with cancer

Masika

Zhao

Hescheler

et al. 2015

RNA Dis

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Accumulating lines of evidence have revealed that microRNAs (miRNAs) play critical roles in many biological processes, such as carcinogenesis, angiogenesis, programmed cell death, cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and differentiation. They act either as tumor suppressors or oncogenes, and alteration in their expression patterns has been linked to onset, progression and chemoresistance of various cancers. Moreover, miRNAs are also crucial for the regulation of cancer stem cells (CSCs) self-renewal and proliferation as well as control of Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) of cancer cells. Therefore, exploitation of miRNAs as targets for cancer prevention and therapy could be a promising approach. Several experimental and epidemiologic studies have shown that dietary intake of natural agents such as baicalin, ginsenoside, curcumin, resveratrol, genistein, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), indole-3-carbinol, 3,3΄-diindolylmethane (DIM) including antioxidants among others is inversely associated with the risk for cancer, demonstrating the inhibitory effects of natural agents on carcinogenesis. Additionally, the anticancer agents from natural agents have been found to inhibit the development and progression of cancer through the regulation of various cancer processes such as apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, differentiation, inflammation, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Importantly, natural agents could significantly impact the expression of tumor-suppressor and oncogenic miRNAs, regulate cellular signaling networks, inhibit cancer cell growth and cancer stem cell self-renewal. This is important for the normalization of altered cellular signaling mechanisms in cancer cells. This postulates a much broader use of natural agents in the prevention and/or treatment of various cancers in combination with conventional chemotherapeutics. However, more in vitro mechanistic experiments, in vivo animal studies, and clinical trials are warranted to realize the true value of natural agents in the prevention and/or treatment of cancer. Herein, we provide an overview of natural agents' modulation of miRNA expression as well as highlight the significance of these observations as potential new strategies in cancer therapies. This review will help us to understand how miRNAs are regulated by natural agents and also help in the development of effective and secure natural agents for therapeutic purposes.

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Non-coding RNAs: Identification of Cancer-Associated microRNAs by Gene Profiling

Cited by 66 publications

References 123 publications

miRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Perspectives

miRNAs as Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Current Perspectives

Loss of microRNA-205 expression is associated with melanoma progression

Modulation of miRNAs by Natural Agents: Nature’s way of dealing with cancer

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