Noise source characteristics in the ISO 362 vehicle pass-by noise test: Literature review

Abstract

A B S T R A C TSince many people are exposed to road traffic noise in urban areas, current legislation aims to limit vehicle noise emissions. In Europe, the vehicle pass-by noise test is implemented according to the international standard ISO 362. As a result of more recent investigations of urban traffic, a revision to the ISO 362 standard has been proposed that includes a constantspeed test in addition to the traditional accelerated test in order to determine the pass-by noise value. To ensure compliance with the pass-by noise test vehicle manufacturers and suppliers must quantify vehicle noise source characteristics during the design stage of the vehicle. In addition, predictive tools need to be available during the product development phase in order to estimate the final pass-by noise level. In this paper an extensive literature survey is presented of noise source characteristics in the ISO 362 vehicle pass-by noise test. Vehicle pass-by noise is analysed in the time and frequency domains and a ranking of the noise source contributions is established. The characteristics of the four major noise sources (engine, intake system, exhaust system, tyre/road system) contributing to pass-by noise as well as current prediction methods are reviewed.

A Eficácia Da Norma Iso 362:2007 Para O Controle Do Ruído De Veículos Pesados

“…A principal irradiação de ruído do motor ocorre atrás do eixo dianteiro através do espaço entre o lado inferior da carroçaria do veículo e o solo em direção às pessoas [6]. Em experimentos de isolamento de fontes de ruído em veículos utilizando a técnica de blindagem, a fim de identificar suas características, observou-se que o nível relativo de cada fonte de ruído depende da posição do veículo na pista de ensaio em relação ao observador.…”

“…No meio da pista, quando a distância do veículo em relação ao microfone é menor, o ruído mais elevado é do conjunto propulsor. No final da pista, o ruído do sistema de exaustão é dominante [6].…”

“…Há especialistas que consideram que os veículos têm quatro principais fontes de ruído: motor, sistema de admissão, sistema de escape e pneus, mas o ventilador de arrefecimento também deve ser considerado [6]. Esta importante fonte de ruído tem sido negligenciada de maneira preocupante por todos estes anos.…”

Noise source identification with Beamforming in the pass-by of a car

“…Among these methods, there are the Statistical Pass-By method [10], the CloseProximity method [7], the Controlled Pass-By method [11] and the Coast-By method [5]. These typical methods only obtain the time history of the sound, the sound pressure level emitted or the spectrum, but it is impossible to identify the main noise source or center an area of the car to do a more specific analysis [4,12].…”

A Fast Method of Feature Extraction for Lowering Vehicle Pass-By Noise Based on Nonnegative Tucker3 Decomposition

“…One of the essential reasons discovered in a comprehensive investigation is vehicle exterior noise in the pass-by driving manoeuvre (Park, Kim, 2001), which is an awful burden to people resulting in annoyance, sleep disturbance, or cardiovascular disease (Okokon et al, 2015). Governments in European countries have already revised the standard ISO 362, which is stringent for the environmental protection, regulation of emissions control of vehicle pass-by noise (Braun et al, 2013). Sequentially, the sound pressure level (SPL) is well reduced from 84 dB(A) to 76 dB(A) for K-cars in China (Beijing Labour Protection Research, 2002, p. 2).…”