Noctiluca miliaris—one more protozoan with unusual lipid composition

Dikarev, V.P.; Svetashev, Vassilii I.; Vaskovsky, V.E.

doi:10.1016/0305-0491(82)90022-0

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…2008). While inherently complex, these functions may be fulfilled with a relatively limited number of molecular species of several classes of phospholipids (Dikarev et al. 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass‐spectrometric characterization of phospholipids and their primary peroxidation products in rat cortical neurons during staurosporine‐induced apoptosis

Tyurin¹,

Tyurina²,

Feng³

et al. 2008

Journal of Neurochemistry

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The molecular diversity of phospholipids is essential for their structural and signaling functions in cell membranes. In the current work, we present, the results of mass spectrometric characterization of individual molecular species in major classes of phospholipids -phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), phosphatidylethanolamine (PtdEtn), phosphatidylserine (PtdSer), phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns), sphingomyelin (CerPCho), and cardiolipin (Ptd2Gro) - and their oxidation products during apoptosis induced in neurons by staurosporine (STS). The diversity of molecular species of phospholipids in rat cortical neurons followed the order Ptd2Gro > PtdEtn ≫ PtdCho ≫ PtdSer > PtdIns > CerPCho. The number of polyunsaturated oxidizable species decreased in the order Ptd2Gro ≫ PtdEtn > PtdCho > PtdSer > PtdIns > CerPCho. Thus a relatively minor class of phospholipids, Ptd2Gro, was represented in cortical neurons by the greatest variety of both total and peroxidizable molecular species. Quantitative fluorescence HPLC analysis employed to assess the oxidation of different classes of phospholipids in neuronal cells during intrinsic apoptosis induced by staurosporine (STS) revealed that three anionic phospholipids — Ptd2Gro ≫ PtdSer > PtdIns — underwent robust oxidation. No significant oxidation in the most dominant phospholipid classes – PtdCho and PtdEtn – was detected. MS-studies revealed the presence of hydroxy-, hydroperoxy- as well as hydroxy-/hydroperoxy-species of Ptd2Gro, PtdSer, and PtdIns. Experiments in model systems where total cortex Ptd2Gro and PtdSer fractions were incubated in the presence of cytochrome c (cyt c) and H2O2, confirmed that molecular identities of the products formed were similar to the ones generated during STS-induced neuronal apoptosis. The temporal sequence of biomarkers of STS induced apoptosis and phospholipid peroxidation combined with recently demonstrated redox catalytic properties of cyt c realized through its interactions with Ptd2Gro and PtdSer suggest that cyt c acts as a catalyst of selective peroxidation of anionic phospholipids yielding Ptd2Gro and PtdSer peroxidation products. These oxidation products participate in mitochondrial membrane permeability transition and in PtdSer externalization leading to recognition and uptake of apoptotic cells by professional phagocytes.

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“…2008). While inherently complex, these functions may be fulfilled with a relatively limited number of molecular species of several classes of phospholipids (Dikarev et al. 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass‐spectrometric characterization of phospholipids and their primary peroxidation products in rat cortical neurons during staurosporine‐induced apoptosis

Tyurin¹,

Tyurina²,

Feng³

et al. 2008

Journal of Neurochemistry

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“…A detailed biochemical analysis of the mucilage and C/N content of the green Noctiluca has neither been performed by us nor at present available elsewhere. However, few studies show that the lipids of red Noctiluca consists of sterols, free-fatty acids, triglycerides and ~26% phospho-lipids [10].…”

Section: Nature Of Bloom-organic Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Culturable Bacterial Flora Associated with the Dinoflagellate Green Noctiluca miliaris During Active and Declining Bloom Phases in the Northern Arabian Sea

et al. 2013

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A massive algal bloom of the dinoflagellate Noctiluca miliaris (green) was located in the Northern Arabian Sea by IRS-P4-2 (OCM-II) for microbiological studies, during two consecutive cruises of February-March 2009. Culturable bacterial load during bloom were ≈ 2-3-fold higher in comparison to non-bloom waters and ranged from 3.20 × 10(5) to 6.84 × 10(5) cfu ml(-1). An analysis of the dominant heterotrophs associated with Noctiluca bloom resulted in phylogenetic and a detailed metabolic characterization of 70 bacterial isolates from an overlapping active and declining bloom phase location near north-central Arabian Sea. The active phase flora was dominated by Gram-positive forms (70.59 %), a majority of which belonged to Bacillus (35.29 %) of Firmicutes. As the bloom declined, Gram-negative forms (61.11 %) emerged dominant, and these belonged to a diverse γ-proteobacterial population consisting of Shewanella (16.67 %) and equal fractions of a Cobetia-Pseudomonas-Psychrobacter-Halomonas population (36.11 %). A Unifrac-based principal coordinate analysis of partial 16S rDNA sequences showed significant differences among the active and declining phase flora and also with reported endocytic flora of Noctiluca (red). A nonparametric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) of antibiogram helped differentiation among closely related strains. The organic matter synthesized by N. miliaris appears to be quickly utilized and remineralized as seen from the high efficiency of isolates to metabolize various complex and simple C/N substrates such as carbohydrates, proteins/amino acids, lipids, sulfide production from organic matter, and solubilize phosphates. The ability of a large fraction of these strains (50-41.67 %) to further aerobically denitrify indicates their potential for nitrogen removal from these high-organic microniches of the Noctiluca bloom in the Arabian Sea, also known for high denitrification activity. The results indicate that culturable euphotic bacterial associates of Noctiluca are likely to play a critical role in the biogeochemical ramifications of these unique seasonally emerging tropical open-water blooms of the Northern Arabian Sea.

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Lipids

Urich¹

1994

Comparative Animal Biochemistry

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Noctiluca miliaris—one more protozoan with unusual lipid composition

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Mass‐spectrometric characterization of phospholipids and their primary peroxidation products in rat cortical neurons during staurosporine‐induced apoptosis

Mass‐spectrometric characterization of phospholipids and their primary peroxidation products in rat cortical neurons during staurosporine‐induced apoptosis

Culturable Bacterial Flora Associated with the Dinoflagellate Green Noctiluca miliaris During Active and Declining Bloom Phases in the Northern Arabian Sea

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