Nocardioides echinoideorum sp. nov., isolated from sea urchins (Tripneustes gratilla)

Abstract

A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, non-motile, rod-shaped, yellow-pigment-producing bacterium, (designated strain CC-CZW004 T ), was isolated from seafood samples (sea urchins) at Penghu Island in Taiwan. Strain CC-CZW004 T grew optimally at pH 7.0 and 30 8C in the presence of 3 % (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA genes revealed a distinct taxonomic position attained by strain CC-CZW004 T with respect to other members of the genus Nocardioides. The novel strain shared highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities to Nocardioides daejeonensis JCM 16922 T (96.4 %), Nocardioides pacificus JCM 19260 T (96.3 %), and Marmoricola scoriae JCM 17444 T (96.2 %). The major fatty acids of strain CC-CZW004 T consisted of C 17:0 , C 16:1 v5c, C 17:1 v8c', iso-C 16:0 and C 19:1 v11c/C 19:1 v9c (summed feature 6). The diagnostic diamino acid in the cell wall was LL-2,6-diaminopimelic acid. The polar lipid profile was composed of major amounts of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and aminophospholipid. The DNA G+C content was 73.3 mol%. The predominant quinone system was menaquinone . On the basis of polyphasic taxonomic evidences presented here, strain CC-CZW004 T represents a novel species of the genus Nocardioides, for which the name Nocardioides echinoideorum sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CC-CZW004 T (5BCRC 16974 T 5JCM 30276 T ).The genus Nocardioides, which is the type genus of the family Nocardioidaceae, was first proposed by Prauser (1976) with type species Nocardioides albus. Species of the genus Nocardioides are represented by aerobic, Gram-stain-positive rods, with high DNA G+C content (68.7-74.9 mol%). The major respiratory quinone is menaquinone MK-8(H 4 ) and LL-2,6-diaminopimelic acid is the diagnostic diamino acid of the peptidoglycan. The fatty acid profile contains both branched-and straight-chain fatty acids (O'Donnell et al., 1982), and iso-C 16:0 as the dominant fatty acid. At the time of writing, there are 73 species of the genus Nocardioides with validly published names, according to the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN; http://www.bacterio.net/nocardioides.html) website. These species are widely distributed in various terrestrial and aquatic environments, including marine sediment, and may be associated with plants, animals and humans (Yi & Chun, 2004a, b;Dastager et al., 2009;Evtushenko et al., 2012). Recently described species of the genus Nocardioides include Nocardioides zeae (Glaeser et al., 2014), Nocardioides pacificus (Fan et al., 2014), Nocardioides soli (Sun et al., 2014), Nocardioides nanhaiensis and Nocardioides opuntiae (Lee & Seong, 2014), which were isolated from the stem of Zea mays, deep sub-seafloor sediment, soil, marine sediment and soil of cactus, respectively.In this study, another Nocardioides strain was isolated from seafood samples (sea urchins) collected at Penghu Island (238 359 N 1198 359 E) in Taiwan, and was characterized taxonomically. Sea urchin shells were introduced into sterile wa...

Nocardioides ginkgobilobae sp. nov., an endophytic actinobacterium isolated from the root of the living fossil Ginkgo biloba L.

“…S3). These polar lipids were quite similar to those of the other members of the genus with little variation (Han et al, 2013;Lee, 2007;Lin et al, 2015). The menaquinone was tetrahydrogenated menaquinone with eight isoprene units )], which was identical to other members of the genus such as Nocardioides marinus, Nocardioides furvisabuli and N. panzhihuaensis (Choi et al, 2007;Lee, 2007;Qin et al, 2012).…”

“…S2), which was similar to other members of the genus Nocardioides such as Nocardioides echinoideorum, N. endophyticus and N. conyzicola (Han et al, 2013;Lin et al, 2015). The whole-cell sugars were galactose, glucose, mannose, rhamnose and ribose.…”

“…html). The sources for these strains include black sand (Lee, 2007), marine sediment (Deng et al, 2015), ground water (Yoon et al, 2004), seawater (Choi et al, 2007), sea urchins (Lin et al, 2015) and soil, such as rhizosphere soil (Lee et al, 2011), desert soil (Tuo et al, 2015) and mountain soil (Srinivasan et al, 2014). Of these, a few have been reported as endophytes, namely Nocardioides caricicola (Song et al, 2011), Nocardioides panzhihuaensis (Qin et al, 2012), Nocardioides endophyticus (Han et al, 2013), Nocardioides conyzicola (Han et al, 2013) and Nocardioides zeae (Glaeser et al, 2014 reports another novel endophyte of the genus Nocardioides isolated from the roots of Ginkgo biloba L.…”

“…1, Figs S4 and S5). The G+C content of strain SYP-A7303 T was determined to be 72 mol%, which is within the range of members of the genus Nocardioides (Han et al, 2013;Lee, 2007;Lin et al, 2015). Based on the levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, strains N. marinus JCM 15615 T and N. aquiterrae JCM 11813 T were selected as reference strains for DNA-DNA hybridization studies.…”

Nocardioides pakistanensis sp. nov., isolated from a hot water spring of Tatta Pani in Pakistan

“…Members of this genus are Gramstaining positive, non-acid-fast, aerobic and motile or non motile actinomycetes (Evtushenko et al 2015). The genus Nocardioides is versatile, being isolated not only from soil (Prauser 1976;Ahn et al 2014), but also from sea water (Kim et al 2008), volcanic ash (Lee and Lee 2014), sea food samples (Lin et al 2015), desert (Tuo et al 2015), ground water (Yoon et al 2004), beach sand (Lee et al 2007) and sediment sample (Dastager et al 2009). Different species of the genus Nocardioides have the ability to grow from psychrophilic to mesophilic (Dastager et al 2010) and thermophilic growth conditions.…”