NO<sub>2</sub>and humidity sensing characteristics of few-layer graphenes

Ghosh, Anupama; Late, Dattatray J.; Panchakarla, Leela S.; Govindaraj, A.; Rao, C. N. R.

doi:10.1080/17458080903115379

Cited by 157 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…2,24 So far from the literature, it has been realized that 2-D nanomaterials exhibit enhanced electrical, optical and mechanical properties due to their flat geometry. Graphene is already known to show exemplary capability for being highly stretchable (up to 20% elastically), [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37] having a significantly high carrier mobility ~ 10 5 cm 2 /Vs at 300K, [38][39][40] transparency ~ 97 %, 41 low density ~ 2 g/cm 3 , 42 high specific area ~ 2630 m 2 /g, 43 lightest…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Energy Applications of Two-Dimensional Layered Materials

2015

Can Chem Trans

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Atomically thin semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) layered materials have recently been emerged as an exciting area of research due to accessibility for easy synthesis using various chemical and physical methods. These two-dimensional (2D) layered materials with single layer have direct and wide band gap due to which, they are more suitable for nanoelectronics and optoelectronics device applications. Here, we present a review of the energy related aspects of atomically thin layered materials like MoS 2 , WS 2 , MoSe 2 , WSe 2 , InSe, GaSe, GaTe, MoTe 2 , WTe 2 etc. for supercapacitor, solar cell, lithium ion battery and water splitting application. By significantly assessing various materials and comparing their performances with challenging technology, the advantages and disadvantages of this promising area of energy materials are recognized, which may provide guidelines for future progress.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Energy Applications of Two-Dimensional Layered Materials

2015

Can Chem Trans

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“…Graphene has attracted much attention in recent years due to many potential proof-of-concept device demonstrations; such as transistors [1], solar cells [2] and especially gas sensors [3] and biosensors [4]. For gas sensors, the ancient experience of conventional semiconducting metal oxides indicates improved performance with increase in the surface-to-volume ratio, unique physical and chemical properties, excellent electrical conductivity, good chemical stability and strong mechanical strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This has inspired scientific community to use graphene a one-atomically thin 2D materials which has exceedingly high surface-to-volume ratio and is believed to outperform traditional sensors and biosensor. Indeed, there are reports on graphene which shows good sensing [3] and biosensing performance [4]. However, other than surface-to-volume ratio, other significant factors for a good sensor include the semiconducting nature of the materials and easy accessibility for the reactive sites for the redox reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…reported and identified for possible nanoelectronic device applications. Further, most of literature reports do not emphasize on the subtleties of gas and biosensing performance and its relation to layered structures but instead demonstrate only gas sensing or biosensing as a proof-of-concept [3,8,12]. There are very few attempts on few of these materials for bio sensor applications [14,15].…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Perspective on Atomically Thin 2D Inorganic Layered Materials for Biosensor

Late

Rout²

2014

JNMR

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The biosensors field has been under progress for the last 45 years and the research in this field has become very popular since last 25 years. Biosensor is nothing but a device where a biological recognition element is built in (physically attached or confined) and is the primary selectivity element. Biosensors are also known as biochips, immune sensors, glucometers, biocomputers, optrodes, chemical canaries, resonant mirrors and so on. Many sensors used for biological purposes are therefore not biosensors, including those for temperature, pressure, electrocardiograms, pH, Ca 2+ , catecholamine's and the like [16]. Compared to other traditional analytical techniques, biosensors show several advantages such as high specificity, high sensitivity and low cost. In biosensor devices, recognition elements play a vital role in the detection of electro active species. Examples of some of the bio-recognition elements are enzymes, microorganisms, nucleic acids, cells and anti-bodies. Among these, enzymes are widely used in electrochemical biosensors. Much of the biosensors so far reported employed electrochemical techniques in which the electrical properties of the bio-system are extracted by using a suitable bio-recognition element. Various electrochemical techniques such as amperometry, potentiometry and cyclic voltametry have been widely used in the development of electrochemical biosensors. Recently, impedance based electrochemical biosensors are emerging because of its ability to detect very low concentration of species at ppb level. Other than electrochemical approaches, some of the techniques like optical, gravimetric are being employed in biosensing application. During the past few years, extensive efforts have been taken for developing biosensors with high sensitivity and low detection limit using various nanostructured materials.The use of layered inorganic nanomaterials in the development of biosensors is recently emerging because of its IntroductionGraphene has attracted much attention in recent years due to many potential proof-of-concept device demonstrations; such as transistors [1], solar cells [2] and especially gas sensors [3] and biosensors [4]. For gas sensors, the ancient experience of conventional semiconducting metal oxides indicates improved performance with increase in the surface-to-volume ratio, unique physical and chemical properties, excellent electrical conductivity, good chemical stability and strong mechanical strength. This has inspired scientific community to use graphene a one-atomically thin 2D materials which has exceedingly high surface-to-volume ratio and is believed to outperform traditional sensors and biosensor. Indeed, there are reports on graphene which shows good sensing [3] and biosensing performance [4]. However, other than surface-to-volume ratio, other significant factors for a good sensor include the semiconducting nature of the materials and easy accessibility for the reactive sites for the redox reactions. Graphene due to its limitation as band gap material hinders its w...

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“…Currently, sensor research has been concentrated around metal oxides, [3] semiconductor nanowires [4], carbon nanotubes [5] graphene oxide [6], and graphene [7], [8]. The detection of single gas molecules, the paragon of sensitivity, has been achieved with graphene [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%