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Hirotani, Kunio; Nakamura, Hitoshi; Shoji, Kazuo

doi:10.1023/a:1019061921451

Cited by 21 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…These reactor types are very easy to control and approach well the optimum reaction rate trajectory. The gas leaving the first reactor is converted in the second reactor being cooled in counter flow by the feed gas to the first reactor [369]. Larger capacities require more reactors and the economy of scale is lost.…”

Section: Reactor Systems and Synthesis Loop Layoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanol Synthesis

Hansen¹,

Nielsen²

2008

Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis

133

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The sections in this article are Introduction Thermodynamics Methanol Synthesis Catalysts Introduction Zn O / Cr 2 O 3 Catalyst Copper‐Based Catalysts Cu / Zn O + Element ( Al , Cr , … ) Promotion of Cu / Zn O / MOx Catalysts Cu / Zr O 2 Other Cu , Cu / Me , Cu / Me Ox Catalysts Pd ‐Based Catalysts Sulfide Catalysts Other Catalysts Activation of Cu / Zn Catalyst Activity as a Function of the Nature of Copper‐Based Catalysts Catalyst Deactivation Sintering Sulfur Poisoning Other Poisons By‐Product Formation Reaction Mechanism(s) and Active Sites Cu + in a Zn O Matrix as the Active Center The S chottky Junction Theory Partly Oxidized Copper Independent of Support as Active Sites Metallic Copper in Dynamic Interaction with the Support Cu –Zinc Surface Alloy Model Water Gas Shift Reaction Kinetics Reaction Rate Equations Diffusion Restrictions Kinetics in Slurry Phase Methanol Synthesis Methanol Synthesis Technology Synthesis Gas Preparation Natural Gas Reforming Adiabatic Pre‐Reforming Tubular, Fired Reforming Autothermal Reforming and Oxygen‐Fired Secondary Reforming Gasification of Heavy Oil, Coal or Biomass Coproduction in Ammonia Plants and Use of Off‐gases Economics of Synthesis Gas Preparation Reactor Systems and Synthesis Loop Layout Slurry Phase Reactor Types Methanol Purification Concepts Circumventing the Equilibrium Limitations Other Methanol Synthesis Routes and Technologies Methanol Synthesis by Methane Activation Conclusion

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Section: Reactor Systems and Synthesis Loop Layoutmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanol Synthesis

Hansen¹,

Nielsen²

2008

Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis

133

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both effects positively impact the thermodynamic equilibrium involved in the methanol synthesis. , Considering the operations, radial reactors guarantee low pressure drops and more compact units. This also leads to an easier reactor and process scale-up as highlighted in different works. ,,,− It is not clear which is the best technology; however, the reactor technology selection is essentially driven by plant size. For small-scale plants (<2200 ton/day), the Lurgi single-stage technology (BWR) is the most economically profitable solution, whereas for large-scale plants (>7000 ton/day), the MegaMethanol and ICI solutions compete for best results.…”

Section: Introductiona Brief Introduction On the Methanol Synthesis ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Kinetic Models on Methanol Synthesis Reactor Predictions: In Silico Assessment and Comparison with Industrial Data

Bisotti

Fedeli

Prifti

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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The reactor is one of the most important equipment to be designed for optimal process operations. An appropriate reactor modeling leads to an efficient and optimal process conceptual design, simulation, and eventually construction. The key for success in this step is mainly related to kinetics. The present work is centered toward process simulation and aims at comparing three different kinetic models for methanol synthesis. The comparison shows how the refitted Graaf model, presented in a previous study, effectively predicts the performance of modern methanol synthesis loops. To pursue this objective, we simulated in Aspen HYSYS three methanol synthesis technologies (the most popular technologies in modern plants) and compared the results with industrial data. The proposed case study demonstrates that the refitted Graaf model is more accurate in output prediction than the wellestablished original Graaf and Vanden Bussche−Froment models, which are currently considered the industrial benchmark, thus showing how the refitted Graaf model is a potential candidate for future industrial applications.

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Methanol synthesis from CO ₂ and H ₂ in a bench‐scale test plant

Ushikoshi

Mori

Kubota

et al. 2000

Applied Organom Chemis

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A small-scale test plant with a methanol production capacity of 50 kg day À1 has been designed and constructed in order to examine the performance of a previously developed Cu/ ZnO-based catalyst under practical reaction conditions. The reaction model for methanol synthesis over the developed catalyst is presented. In addition, the methanol production rates measured in the test plant were found to fit the rates calculated based on the kinetic equations. A 4000 t day À1 methanol synthesis plant from CO 2 and H 2 was designed based on the kinetic equations and the selectivity to methanol over the developed catalyst.

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Untitled

Cited by 21 publications

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Methanol Synthesis

Methanol Synthesis

Impact of Kinetic Models on Methanol Synthesis Reactor Predictions: In Silico Assessment and Comparison with Industrial Data

Methanol synthesis from CO ₂ and H ₂ in a bench‐scale test plant

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Untitled

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Methanol Synthesis

Methanol Synthesis

Impact of Kinetic Models on Methanol Synthesis Reactor Predictions: In Silico Assessment and Comparison with Industrial Data

Methanol synthesis from CO 2 and H 2 in a bench‐scale test plant

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Methanol synthesis from CO ₂ and H ₂ in a bench‐scale test plant