Nitrogen fertilization and cover crop effects on soil structural stability and corn performance

Dapaah, H. K.; Vyn, Tony J.

doi:10.1080/00103629809370134

Cited by 62 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…When averaged across years and sampling depths, aggregate stability in the spring was slightly greater, though not significantly different at P=0.05, in treated than control soil. Dapaah and Vyn (1998) also reported that spring aggregate stability was greater following a cover crop of oilseed radish compared to following no cover crop. The treated plots' radish biomass, containing relatively little C and much N, likely stimulated microbial activity in early spring to spur such structural improvement (Dapaah and Vyn, 1998;Lynch and Bragg, 1985).…”

Section: Radish Effects On Soil Structurementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Dapaah and Vyn (1998) also reported that spring aggregate stability was greater following a cover crop of oilseed radish compared to following no cover crop. The treated plots' radish biomass, containing relatively little C and much N, likely stimulated microbial activity in early spring to spur such structural improvement (Dapaah and Vyn, 1998;Lynch and Bragg, 1985). This beneficial trend for radish to increase aggregate stability in the spring was not sustained, however, through the fall, likely because of the rapid decomposition of the radish biomass that occurred as the growing season progressed (J. Ellsworth, 2005, personal communication).…”

Section: Radish Effects On Soil Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Oilseed Radish Effects on Soil Structure and Soil Water Relations

Lehrsch¹,

Gallian²

2010

JSBR

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Oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus spp. oleifera) reduces sugarbeet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii) populations. Fall-incorporated radish biomass may also increase the yield and quality of subsequently grown sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) by improving soil physical and hydraulic properties. This field study determined radish effects on nearsurface soil aggregate stability, water-stable aggregate size distribution, bulk density, and field-saturated water content, as well as infiltration and hydraulic conductivity measured at water supply potentials of -40, -20, and +0 mm H 2 O. In 2003 and 2004 in Twin Falls, ID, radish were grown in a Portneuf silt loam (Durinodic Xeric Haplocalcid) for about 10 weeks in the fall, then incorporated later that fall by disking, followed by moldboard plowing. In early May of the following year, sugarbeet were planted, irrigated, then harvested for yield and quality. In the spring and fall of each sugarbeet growing season, soil samples were collected from two depths, 0 to 5 and 5 to 50 mm, on which we measured aggregate stability and size distribution by wet sieving. Soil cores were collected from 0 to 34 mm to measure bulk density. Also in spring and fall, we used ponded and tension infiltrometers placed in the row to measure steadystate, unconfined infiltration rates and, from those rates, to Additional key words: Raphanus sativus, cover crop, Beta vulgaris, aggregate stability, infiltration rate, hydraulic conductivity W ater use efficiency is increased by improving soil water relations, such as infiltration or water retention, for crops grown in rotation. Adding oilseed radish (Raphanus sativus spp. oleifera) as a temperate-region, non-legume green manure into crop rotations with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), potato (Solanum tuberosum L.), and/or sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) may enhance soil water relations.Green manures are crops that, while still green or soon after maturity, are incorporated into soil to improve the soil's physical, chemical, or biological properties and thereby increase the succeeding crop's yield, quality, or both (Cherr et al., 2006). Additions of organic matter, including that from an incorporated green manure, are commonly thought to increase soil organic carbon, aggregate stability, infiltration, and hydraulic conductivity (Martens and Frankenberger, 1992). Amendments can also reduce bulk density, alter soil pore size distributions, reduce a soil's susceptibility to erosion, and slow the formation of surface seals and crusts, thereby maintaining infiltration rates and thus delaying runoff (Bresson et al., 2001;Edmeades, 2003;Haynes & Naidu, 1998). Organic amendment effects on a soil's water-holding capacity (WHC) may or may not occur (Głąb and Kulig, 2008;MacRae and Mehuys, 1985). Adding organic matter may increase both the field capacity and permanent wilting point, resulting in little or no net change (Haynes & Naidu, 1998). Alternatively, such additions may decrease WHC, due to decreases in bulk density and chang...

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Section: Radish Effects On Soil Structurementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Radish Effects On Soil Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

Oilseed Radish Effects on Soil Structure and Soil Water Relations

Lehrsch¹,

Gallian²

2010

JSBR

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“…Dapaah and Vyn found that corn grown after red clover consistently gave 10% to 40% higher yields than corn grown after oilseed radish or ryegrass [1]. They attributed this yield boost to the slow release of mineralized nitrogen from red clover.…”

Section: Nitrogen Use Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Much research has been performed on the corn-soy-wheat rotation, on cover crops, and on strip-tillage independently. Researchers have noted the impact of red clover incorporation on corn productivity, several with specific focus on this rotation [1,2,[4][5][6][7][20][21][22]. Studies have examined the use of strip-tillage for corn [2,[17][18][19][20], and others have looked at the viability of integrating living mulch in corn [9,12,13,23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expanding Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Usage in the Corn–Soy–Wheat Rotation

2015

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Abstract:A common agronomic recommendation is under-seeding red clover to wheat in the corn-soy-wheat rotation. As a leguminous cover crop, red clover boosts agro-ecological resilience and productivity through nitrogen fixation, as well as non-nitrogen-related contributions, such as soil temperature and moisture regulation; reduction of erosion, runoff, and leaching; weed suppression; and interruption of pest and disease cycles. The objective of this paper is to propose a system that extends red clover usage into the corn phase of the corn-soy-wheat rotation as a living mulch. The system incorporates strip-tillage, strip-mowing, as well as banded herbicide and fertilizer application in order to maximize productivity and minimize competition. We analyzed the feasibility of this proposal by examining red clover's adequacy for the proposed system in comparison with other broadleaf, leguminous cover crops, and assessed potential agro-ecological benefits. We considered logistical components of the proposition, including the use of strip-tillage, the application of precision technology, as well as the opportunity for further technological developments. We found that the proposed system has potential to increase agro-ecological sustainability, resilience, and the overall productivity of this three-year rotation. Thus, this easily-implemented practice should be formally studied. OPEN ACCESSSustainability 2015, 7 15488

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Production of Forage Crops Suitable for Feeding Organically Raised Meat Animals

Manolov

Yancheva

2012

Organic Meat Production and Processing

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Nitrogen fertilization and cover crop effects on soil structural stability and corn performance

Cited by 62 publications

References 21 publications

Oilseed Radish Effects on Soil Structure and Soil Water Relations

Oilseed Radish Effects on Soil Structure and Soil Water Relations

Expanding Red Clover (Trifolium pratense) Usage in the Corn–Soy–Wheat Rotation

Production of Forage Crops Suitable for Feeding Organically Raised Meat Animals

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