Nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes with encapsulated ferric carbide as excellent electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in acid and alkaline media

Zhong, Guoyu; Wang, Hongjuan; Yu, Hao; Peng, Feng

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.04.021

Cited by 122 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…[124][125][126][127]130,132,135,214 ] It is concluded from these reports that whereas encapsulated metals or metal carbides do not directly contact with oxygen molecules, strong synergetic interaction like charge transfer between metals/metal carbides and carbon materials activates the outer graphitic layers and improves electric conductivity and ORR activity/stability. [124][125][126][127]130,132,135,214 ] It is concluded from these reports that whereas encapsulated metals or metal carbides do not directly contact with oxygen molecules, strong synergetic interaction like charge transfer between metals/metal carbides and carbon materials activates the outer graphitic layers and improves electric conductivity and ORR activity/stability.…”

Section: Metals/metal Carbides Encapsulated In Heteroatom-doped Carbomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[124][125][126][127]130,132,135,214 ] It is concluded from these reports that whereas encapsulated metals or metal carbides do not directly contact with oxygen molecules, strong synergetic interaction like charge transfer between metals/metal carbides and carbon materials activates the outer graphitic layers and improves electric conductivity and ORR activity/stability. [124][125][126][127]130,132,135,214 ] This is undoubtedly a desired approach to enhance ORR activity of non-precious metal based catalysts. [124][125][126][127]130,132,135,214 ] This is undoubtedly a desired approach to enhance ORR activity of non-precious metal based catalysts.…”

Section: Metals/metal Carbides Encapsulated In Heteroatom-doped Carbomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non‐Pt Nanostructured Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Synthesis, Catalytic Activity and its Key Factors

Xia

Chen

et al. 2016

Advanced Energy Materials

168

107

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caused by electrochemical polarization, Ohmic polarization and mass transport polarization. [ 4 ] The electrochemical reaction occurring on the cathode is oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). It is kinetically much more sluggish as compared to anode reaction, thereby calling for effi cient ORR catalysts. [ 1 ] Basically for ORR catalysis there are two main pathways, i.e., direct 4e pathway (O 2 + 4H + + 4e − → 2H 2 O) and 2 by 2e pathway (O 2 + 2H + + 2e → H 2 O 2 , H 2 O 2 + 2H + + 2e → 2H 2 O), the latter of which ends up with H 2 O 2 generation in 2-electron pathway or H 2 O generation in 4-electron pathway, making the 4-electron pathway more efficient and desirable. [ 1,5 ] In the past few decades, Pt catalysts have been considered to be the best catalysts; however, typical problems facing Pt, including unsatisfactory long-term durability due to dissolution, methanol crossover and CO poisoning, are hindrances to mass application of PEMFC and make it a nontrivial issue to develop some novel cathode electrocatalysts. [ 6,7 ] Moreover, around half of the cost of PEMFC power system is the fuel cell stack cost, a large proportion of which stems from expensive Pt catalysts; unlike other stack components, Pt catalyst cost seems to be less affected by economies of sale due to the scarcity and increasing demand of Pt. [ 8 ] Many strategies have therefore been proposed to address these challenges. They can reasonably be classifi ed into two types, i.e., lowering the Pt concentration by mixing Pt with other metals to form Pt-based alloys [ 7,9 ] or Pt-skin/skeleton surface structures, [ 10,11 ] and developing non-Pt catalysts [ 12 ] or even metalfree catalysts. [ 13 ] Recently, a wide variety of non-Pt ORR catalysts have been intensively studied as substitutes for state-ofthe-art Pt or Pt-based catalysts. Monometallic catalysts such as Au, Ag with tunable particle size, morphology and preferential surface orientation have attracted growing attention due to their enhanced activities; in particular, monometallic catalysts supported on graphene or its derivatives are shown to have extraordinary catalytic performance and long-term durability since graphene, with its sp 2 -hybridized honeycomb structure, enhances mass transport and electron transfer, and the synergetic coupling between monometallic catalysts and graphene supports prevents the occurrence of particle dissolution and aggregation. [ 6,14 ] Similarly, metal chalcogenides grown on (heteroatom-doped) graphenes have noticeably higher ORR activities relative to unsupported counterparts due to the Pt-based electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are the topic of extensive and intensive research since a few decades. Nevertheless, the scarcity of these Pt-based electrocatalysts, their high cost and unsatisfactory durability are the primary hindrances to their further commercialization. In recent years, non-Pt electrocatalysts have garnered considerable interest as alternatives to Pt-based catalysts for the ORR. This review highlights the synthesis, catalyti...

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Section: Metals/metal Carbides Encapsulated In Heteroatom-doped Carbomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[124][125][126][127]130,132,135,214 ] It is concluded from these reports that whereas encapsulated metals or metal carbides do not directly contact with oxygen molecules, strong synergetic interaction like charge transfer between metals/metal carbides and carbon materials activates the outer graphitic layers and improves electric conductivity and ORR activity/stability. [124][125][126][127]130,132,135,214 ] This is undoubtedly a desired approach to enhance ORR activity of non-precious metal based catalysts. [124][125][126][127]130,132,135,214 ] This is undoubtedly a desired approach to enhance ORR activity of non-precious metal based catalysts.…”

Section: Metals/metal Carbides Encapsulated In Heteroatom-doped Carbomentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐Pt Nanostructured Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Synthesis, Catalytic Activity and its Key Factors

Xia

Chen

et al. 2016

Advanced Energy Materials

168

107

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“…In the present case, the existence of other phases i. e. the cementite and the ferric‐oxy‐hydroxide may contribute to further enhancing the multitasking catalytic abilities of the material. Literature further supports that the cementite is an active catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and Nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) . Moreover, the presence of cementite in the mixed phase with Fe 2 O 3 improves the catalytic activity for Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Multitasking FeOCN Composite as an Economic, Heterogeneous Catalyst for 1‐Octene Hydroformylation and Hydration Reactions

et al. 2020

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A highly efficient multitasking FeOCN composite was synthesized in a single step by the fast heating of an Fe(III) salt and urea. The composite was confirmed by various spectroscopic and analytical techniques which include XRD, FTIR, Raman, FESEM, and XPS analysis. The composite was then investigated for various organic transformations and it was found to be excellent for the hydroformylation of 1‐octene in toluene under 50 bar syngas pressure at 95 °C. The composite was also found to be significantly active for the hydration reactions of alkynes and nitriles under acid‐ and base‐free conditions. The hydration reactions were performed in aqueous methanol at 120 °C and an excellent yield of regioselective products was obtained under optimized reaction conditions.

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“…Morphologies including spheres, [70,76,101,107,128,155] nanotubes, [71,94,103,109,121,156] and nanosheets [102,119,157] are frequently utilized to construct protective shells over the TM components. Morphologies including spheres, [70,76,101,107,128,155] nanotubes, [71,94,103,109,121,156] and nanosheets [102,119,157] are frequently utilized to construct protective shells over the TM components.…”

Section: Encapsulatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable and Efficient Nitrogen‐Containing Carbon‐Based Electrocatalysts for Reactions in Energy‐Conversion Systems

et al. 2018

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High activity and stability are crucial for the practical use of electrocatalysts in fuel cells, metal-air batteries, and water electrolysis, including the oxygen reduction reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, and oxidation reactions of formic acid and alcohols. Electrocatalysts based on nitrogen-containing carbon (N-C) materials show promise in catalyzing these reactions; however, there is no systematic review of strategies for the engineering of active and stable N-C-based electrocatalysts. Herein, a comprehensive comparison of recently reported N-C-based electrocatalysts regarding both electrocatalytic activity and long-term stability is presented. In the first part of this review, the relationships between the electrocatalytic reactions and selection of the element to modify the N-C-based materials are discussed. Afterwards, synthesis methods for N-C-based electrocatalysts are summarized, and strategies for the synthesis of highly stable N-C-based electrocatalysts are presented. Multiple tables containing data on crucial parameters for both electrocatalytic activity and stability are displayed in this review. Finally, constructing M-N moieties is proposed as the most promising engineering strategy for stable N-C-based electrocatalysts.

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Nitrogen doped carbon nanotubes with encapsulated ferric carbide as excellent electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction reaction in acid and alkaline media

Cited by 122 publications

References 37 publications

Non‐Pt Nanostructured Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Synthesis, Catalytic Activity and its Key Factors

Non‐Pt Nanostructured Catalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction: Synthesis, Catalytic Activity and its Key Factors

Multitasking FeOCN Composite as an Economic, Heterogeneous Catalyst for 1‐Octene Hydroformylation and Hydration Reactions

Stable and Efficient Nitrogen‐Containing Carbon‐Based Electrocatalysts for Reactions in Energy‐Conversion Systems

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