Nitric Oxide and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Raddino, Riccardo; Caretta, Giorgio; Teli, Melissa; Bonadei, Ivano; Robba, Debora; Zanini, Gregoriana; Madureri, Alberto; Nodari, Savina; Dei, Livio

doi:10.1177/1826186807003001-203

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…An important mechanism in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the leading cause of death worldwide, is a reduced nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, which causes impaired function of the endothelial vascular cell layer [1][2][3]. NO is a key determinant of endothelial function, since it exerts important vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, anti-proliferative, and anti-adhesive effects [2,4]. It has been hypothesized that meal ingestion as well as meal composition may change NO bioavailability [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary macronutrients do not differently affect postprandial vascular endothelial function in apparently healthy overweight and slightly obese men

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Well-designed trials comparing side-by-side effects of macronutrients on postprandial endothelial function are missing. Therefore, we investigated under well-controlled and isocaloric condition effects of fat, carbohydrates, and protein on postprandial endothelial function as assessed by brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD), an important noninvasive technique to assess endothelial function. Methods Eighteen apparently healthy overweight and slightly obese men (BMI 26.0-35.0 kg/m 2) completed this randomized, double-blinded, cross-over trial. The study consisted of three test days each separated by a wash-out period of at least 1 week. After an overnight fast, men received an isocaloric meal providing 3987 kJ (953 kcal) that was either high in dietary fat (En% fat [F]/carbohydrates [C]/protein [P]: 52.3, 39.2, 8.0), carbohydrates (En% F/C/P: 9.6, 81.5, 8.6), or protein (En% F/C/P: 10.6, 51.5, 36.9). Fasting and 2-h postprandial FMD responses were measured. Results A postprandial decrease of 1.2% point in FMD was observed after the high-protein meal (P = 0.015). However, postprandial changes did not differ between meals (P = 0.45). An increase in baseline brachial artery diameters was observed after the high-protein meal (P < 0.001) and changes differed between meals (P = 0.020). A meal*time interaction was found for plasma glucose concentrations, with the most pronounced increases after the high-carbohydrate meal at T15, T30, T60, and T90 (P < 0.05). A significant time and meal (P < 0.001), but no time*meal effect (P = 0.06) was found for serum insulin concentrations. Increases in serum triacylglycerol concentrations did not differ between meals (P = 0.014). Conclusion Macronutrients did not differently affect postprandial endothelial function in apparently healthy overweight and slightly obese men. Trial registration Trial registration number (ClinicalTrials.gov) NCT03139890 in May 2017

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary macronutrients do not differently affect postprandial vascular endothelial function in apparently healthy overweight and slightly obese men

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On the other hand, the NO produced can induce guanilate cyclase to the synthesis of cGMP from cGTP. These reactions cause the vasodilatation in the cardiovascular system and may cause a problem for patients with cardiovascular problems [ 20 ]. It is also involved in nonspecific immune responses and acts as a major mediator of inflammation and apoptosis in complex mechanisms such as tissue damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beneficial Effect of Paeonol on Antibiotic-Associated Inflammatory Response in Mice with Diarrhea

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diarrhea is a common adverse effect of antibiotics particularly that acts on anaerobes. Moutan Radicis Cortex (MRC) is an herbal medicine used for its anti-inflammatory and antibacterial actions. The purpose of this study was to analyze the active components of MRC to determine their effect on antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) and anti-inflammatory effects. Of the various components of MRC, seven compounds (gallic acid, oxypaeoniflorin, paeoniflorin, ethyl gallate, benzoic acid, benzoylpaeoniflorin, paeonol) were identified and assessed for anti-inflammation effects. Paeonol was found to effectively reduce nitric oxide production and levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in a concentration-dependent manner. Paeonol also effectively reduced the mRNA expression level of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α. Western blotting analysis confirmed the reduction of COX-2 and NF-κB levels; p-p38 MAPK levels increased in the presence of a low concentration (25 μM) of paeonol but decreased in the presence of a high concentration (50 μM). In the mouse model of lincomycin-induced AAD, all experimental groups treated with paeonol (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg concentrations) showed diminished diarrhea status scores. Finally, the expression levels of TNF-α and IL-4 were reduced compared with those in the control group. Therefore, paeonol may have active compounds of MRC to alleviate the diarrhea symptoms of AAD and reduce inflammatory mediators. Other components of the MRC extract could contribute to its known anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activity and should be tested for their possible activity.

show abstract

“…High salt consumption increases cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) risk by impairing endothelial function, most notably by reducing nitric oxide (NO) availability 81,82 . The increase in total cholesterol levels in short term is associated with significant decreases in endothelium-dependent vasodilation 83,84 . Metabolic factors, such as high glucose and triglyceride levels, are considered as major risk factors in contributing to endothelial dysfunction by decreasing nitric oxide absorption 85,86 .…”

Section: Versus Hsd Hsd Versus Hsd + Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Amoxicillin impact on pathophysiology induced by short term high salt diet in mice

Kumar

Nagarajan

Yadav

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Current evidence emerging from both human and animal models confirms that high-salt diet consumption over a period modulates the gut ecology and subsequently accelerates the development of the pathophysiology of many metabolic diseases. The knowledge of short-term intake of a high-salt diet (HSD) on gut microbiota and their role in the progression of metabolic pathogenesis and the consequence of a typical course of common antibiotics in this condition has yet not been investigated. The present study elicited this knowledge gap by studying how the gut microbiota profile changes in mice receiving HSD for a short period followed by Amoxicillin treatment on these mice in the last week to mimic a typical treatment course of antibiotics. In this study, we provided a standard chow diet (CD) and HSD for 3 weeks, and a subset of these mice on both diets received antibiotic therapy with Amoxicillin in the 3rd week. We measured the body weight of mice for 3 weeks. After 21 days, all animals were euthanised and subjected to a thorough examination for haemato-biochemical, histopathological, and 16S rRNA sequencing, followed by bioinformatics analysis to determine any changes in gut microbiota ecology. HSD exposure in mice for short duration even leads to a significant difference in the gut ecology with enrichment of specific gut microbiota crucially linked to developing the pathophysiological features of metabolic disease-related inflammation. In addition, HSD treatment showed a negative impact on haemato-biochemical parameters. However, Amoxicillin treatment in HSD-fed mice restored the blood-biochemical markers near to control values and reshaped gut microbiota known for improving the pathophysiological attributes of metabolic disease related inflammation. This study also observed minimal and insignificant pathological changes in the heart, liver, and kidney in HSD-fed mice.

show abstract

Nitric Oxide and Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Cited by 15 publications

References 45 publications

Dietary macronutrients do not differently affect postprandial vascular endothelial function in apparently healthy overweight and slightly obese men

Dietary macronutrients do not differently affect postprandial vascular endothelial function in apparently healthy overweight and slightly obese men

Beneficial Effect of Paeonol on Antibiotic-Associated Inflammatory Response in Mice with Diarrhea

Amoxicillin impact on pathophysiology induced by short term high salt diet in mice

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About