Nipah virus epidemic in southern India and emphasizing “One Health” approach to ensure global health security

Chattu, Vijay Kumar; Kumar, Raman; Kumary, Soosanna; Kajal, Fnu; David, Joseph K

doi:10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_137_18

Cited by 67 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The bats are endemic to tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, East Africa, Australian continents and some oceanic islands and are proved to be associated with the NiV outbreaks reported in different parts of the world ( Figure 2) [5,6]. Being the natural hosts for NiV, bats are symptomless carriers but they shed the viruses in their saliva, urine, semen and excreta [6,19]. A few fruit bat populations in Cambodia [20], Thailand [21], Madagascar [22] and Ghana [23] have been found positive for NiV-neutralizing antibodies during the serological surveillance studies.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nipah Virus: Past Outbreaks and Future Containment

Pillai

Krishna

Veettil

2020

Viruses

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Viral outbreaks of varying frequencies and severities have caused panic and havoc across the globe throughout history. Influenza, small pox, measles, and yellow fever reverberated for centuries, causing huge burden for economies. The twenty-first century witnessed the most pathogenic and contagious virus outbreaks of zoonotic origin including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), Ebola virus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Nipah virus. Nipah is considered one of the world's deadliest viruses with the heaviest mortality rates in some instances. It is known to cause encephalitis, with cases of acute respiratory distress turning fatal. Various factors contribute to the onset and spread of the virus. All through the infected zone, various strategies to tackle and enhance the surveillance and awareness with greater emphasis on personal hygiene has been formulated. This review discusses the recent outbreaks of Nipah virus in Malaysia, Bangladesh and India, the routes of transmission, prevention and control measures employed along with possible reasons behind the outbreaks, and the precautionary measures to be ensured by private-public undertakings to contain and ensure a lower incidence in the future.

show abstract

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nipah Virus: Past Outbreaks and Future Containment

Pillai

Krishna

Veettil

2020

Viruses

112

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Nipah virus (NiV) is an RNA virus that belongs to the genus Henipavirus within the family Paramyxoviridae and has first emerged in Malaysia in 1998, gaining its name from a village called Sungai Nipah where it was isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of one of the patients [1][2][3][4]. NiV is transmitted zoonotically (from bats to humans, or from bats to pigs, and then to humans) as well as human-to-human routes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its clinical presentation varies from asymptomatic (subclinical) infection to acute respiratory illnesses and fatal encephalitis in most of the patients who has been in direct contact with infected pigs. It has also been found that the virus causes central nervous system illnesses in pigs and respiratory illnesses in horses resulting in a significant economic loss for farmers [1,[5][6][7][8][9]. Large fruit bats of the genus Pteropus seem to act as a natural reservoir of NiV based on the isolation of Hendra virus which has showed the presence of neutralizing antibodies to the Hendra virus on the bats [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epitope-Based Peptide Vaccine against Glycoprotein G of Nipah Henipavirus Using Immunoinformatics Approaches

Mohammed

Shantier

Mustafa

et al. 2020

Journal of Immunology Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background. Nipah belongs to the genus Henipavirus and the Paramyxoviridae family. It is an endemic most commonly found at South Asia and has first emerged in Malaysia in 1998. Bats are found to be the main reservoir for this virus, causing disease in both humans and animals. The last outbreak has occurred in May 2018 in Kerala. It is characterized by high pathogenicity and fatality rates which varies from 40% to 70% depending on the severity of the disease and on the availability of adequate healthcare facilities. Currently, there are no antiviral drugs available for NiV disease and the treatment is just supportive. Clinical presentations for this virus range from asymptomatic infection to fatal encephalitis. Objective. This study is aimed at predicting an effective epitope-based vaccine against glycoprotein G of Nipah henipavirus, using immunoinformatics approaches. Methods and Materials. Glycoprotein G of the Nipah virus sequence was retrieved from NCBI. Different prediction tools were used to analyze the epitopes, namely, BepiPred-2.0: Sequential B Cell Epitope Predictor for B cell and T cell MHC classes II and I. Then, the proposed peptides were docked using Autodock 4.0 software program. Results and Conclusions. The two peptides TVYHCSAVY and FLIDRINWI have showed a very strong binding affinity to MHC class I and MHC class II alleles. Furthermore, considering the conservancy, the affinity, and the population coverage, the peptide FLIDRINWIT is highly suitable to be utilized to formulate a new vaccine against glycoprotein G of Nipah henipavirus. An in vivo study for the proposed peptides is also highly recommended.

show abstract

“…The best and most effective way to tackle such situations is by providing technical assistance at the source so that the health of the local population is protected and at the same time supports global health security by preventing international public health emergencies [25]. Ebola virus, Yellow Fever, and Cholera in Africa, Avian influenza and Nipah in Asia [26], Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) Coronavirus in the Middle East, Zika virus are some of the new and recent re-emerging infections apart from the rising epidemic of NCDs globally [27][28][29][30]. In this context, the health systems also must be prepared to prevent, detect, and respond to the threat posed by accident or by bioterrorism.…”

Section: Global Health Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Emerging Role of Blockchain Technology Applications in Routine Disease Surveillance Systems to Strengthen Global Health Security

Chattu

Nanda²,

Chattu

et al. 2019

BDCC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Blockchain technology has an enormous scope to revamp the healthcare system in many ways as it improves the quality of healthcare by data sharing among all the participants, selective privacy and ensuring data safety. This paper explores the basics of blockchain, its applications, quality of experience and advantages in disease surveillance over the other widely used real-time and machine learning techniques. The other real-time surveillance systems lack scalability, security, interoperability, thus making blockchain as a choice for surveillance. Blockchain offers the capability of enhancing global health security and also can ensure the anonymity of patient data thereby aiding in healthcare research. The recent epidemics of re-emerging infections such as Ebola and Zika have raised many concerns regarding health security which resulted in strengthening the surveillance systems. We also discuss how blockchains can help in identifying the threats early and reporting them to health authorities for taking early preventive measures. Since the Global Health Security Agenda addresses global public health threats (both infectious and NCDs); strengthen the workforce and the systems; detect and respond rapidly and effectively to the disease threats; and elevate global health security as a priority. The blockchain has enormous potential to disrupt many current practices in traditional disease surveillance and health care research.

show abstract

Nipah virus epidemic in southern India and emphasizing “One Health” approach to ensure global health security

Cited by 67 publications

References 29 publications

Nipah Virus: Past Outbreaks and Future Containment

Nipah Virus: Past Outbreaks and Future Containment

Epitope-Based Peptide Vaccine against Glycoprotein G of Nipah Henipavirus Using Immunoinformatics Approaches

The Emerging Role of Blockchain Technology Applications in Routine Disease Surveillance Systems to Strengthen Global Health Security

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About