New discoveries of pre-Magdalenian cave art in the central area of the Cantabrian region (Spain)

Peredo, Roberto Ontañón; Cayón, V. Bayarri; Castillo, Elena; Montes, Ramón; Morlote, José Manuel; Muñoz, Emilio; Palacio, Eduardo Álvarez del

doi:10.1016/j.jasrep.2019.102020

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Prehistoric art is an extraordinary manifestation that has documented in great detail and precision facts and animal species that coexisted with humans in Palaeolithic times, through representations of engravings and pigment painting on the surfaces of caves [69]. Such cavities are usually part of karst systems, which evolve over time and also include microhabitats in which animal and plant communities develop [70,71]. At a certain point, man took advantage of some of these cavities to inhabit them, occupying these microhabitats, and in such a way he became integrated and formed an active part of the evolution of the karst system itself, altering it with contributions of organic matter and fire The rediscovery of these caves by modern man, with his admiration for prehistoric culture and his "right" to contemplate it, transmit it, exploit it, and protect it, makes it necessary to analyse the sustainability of such a precious resource.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Laser Scanner Trilateration Networks for Accurate Georeferencing of Caves: Application to El Castillo Cave (Spain)

et al. 2021

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There is a growing demand for measurements of natural and built elements, which require quantifiable accuracy and reliability, within various fields of application. Measurements from 3D Terrestrial Laser Scanner come in a point cloud, and different types of surfaces such as spheres or planes can be modelled. Due to the occlusions and/or limited field of view, it is seldom possible to survey a complete feature from one location, and information has to be acquired from multiple points of view and later co-registered and geo-referenced to obtain a consistent coordinate system. The aim of this paper is not to match point clouds, but to show a methodology to adjust, following the traditional topo-geodetic methods, 3DTLS data by modelling references such as calibrated spheres and checker-boards to generate a 3D trilateration network from them to derive accuracy and reliability measurements and post-adjustment statistical analysis. The method tries to find the function that best fits the measured data, taking into account not only that the measurements made in the field are not perfect, but that each one of them has a different deviation depending on the adjustment of each reference, so they have to be weighted accordingly.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control of Laser Scanner Trilateration Networks for Accurate Georeferencing of Caves: Application to El Castillo Cave (Spain)

et al. 2021

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“…A reference frame is the practical realization of a system; it is the materialization of a reference system, i.e., the set of points and their coordinates and the techniques applied in the measurements and methods used. To create an accurate reference frame within the cave, this work combines different geomatics methods [24]. Error propagation makes it possible to calculate the accuracy of the elements in the interior of a cave.…”

Section: Georeferencingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Application of Hyperspectral Analysis to Rock Art Panels from El Castillo Cave (Spain)

et al. 2021

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Rock art is one of the most fragile and relevant cultural phenomena in world history, carried out in shelters or the walls and ceilings of caves with mineral and organic substances. The fact it has been preserved until now can be considered as fortunate since both anthropogenic and natural factors can cause its disappearance or deterioration. This is the reason why rock art needs special conservation and protection measures. The emergence of digital technologies has made a wide range of tools and programs available to the community for a more comprehensive documentation of rock art in both 2D and 3D. This paper shows a workflow that makes use of visible and near-infrared hyperspectral technology to manage, monitor and preserve this appreciated cultural heritage. Hyperspectral imaging is proven to be an efficient tool for the recognition of figures, coloring matter, and state of conservation of such valuable art.

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“…Recently, remote-sensing techniques have been used for underground cultural heritage sites to improve traditional documentation such as terrestrial photogrammetry [1][2][3][4], to create orthoimages series and virtual reality scenarios [5][6][7][8][9], and in the case of hyperspectral remote-sensing, to recover rock-art paintings invisible to the naked eye or covered by calcite, dirt, or soot [10][11][12][13][14][15][16], which are themselves helpful for understanding the stratigraphy of the rock art panel [17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of Remote-Sensing Techniques for the Preventive Conservation of Paleolithic Cave Art in the Karst of the Altamira Cave

et al. 2023

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Rock art offers traces of our most remote past and was made with mineral and organic substances in shelters, walls, or the ceilings of caves. As it is notably fragile, it is fortunate that some instances remain intact—but a variety of natural and anthropogenic factors can lead to its disappearance. Therefore, as a valuable cultural heritage, rock art requires special conservation and protection measures. Geomatic remote-sensing technologies such as 3D terrestrial laser scanning (3DTLS), drone flight, and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) allow us to generate exhaustive documentation of caves and their environment in 2D, 2.5D, and 3D. However, only its combined use with 3D geographic information systems (GIS) lets us generate new cave maps with details such as overlying layer thickness, sinkholes, fractures, joints, and detachments that also more precisely reveal interior–exterior interconnections and gaseous exchange; i.e., the state of senescence of the karst that houses the cave. Information of this kind is of great value for the research, management, conservation, monitoring, and dissemination of cave art.

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New discoveries of pre-Magdalenian cave art in the central area of the Cantabrian region (Spain)

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

Control of Laser Scanner Trilateration Networks for Accurate Georeferencing of Caves: Application to El Castillo Cave (Spain)

Control of Laser Scanner Trilateration Networks for Accurate Georeferencing of Caves: Application to El Castillo Cave (Spain)

Improved Application of Hyperspectral Analysis to Rock Art Panels from El Castillo Cave (Spain)

Integration of Remote-Sensing Techniques for the Preventive Conservation of Paleolithic Cave Art in the Karst of the Altamira Cave

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