Improved Application of Hyperspectral Analysis to Rock Art Panels from El Castillo Cave (Spain)

Abstract

Rock art is one of the most fragile and relevant cultural phenomena in world history, carried out in shelters or the walls and ceilings of caves with mineral and organic substances. The fact it has been preserved until now can be considered as fortunate since both anthropogenic and natural factors can cause its disappearance or deterioration. This is the reason why rock art needs special conservation and protection measures. The emergence of digital technologies has made a wide range of tools and programs available to the community for a more comprehensive documentation of rock art in both 2D and 3D. This paper shows a workflow that makes use of visible and near-infrared hyperspectral technology to manage, monitor and preserve this appreciated cultural heritage. Hyperspectral imaging is proven to be an efficient tool for the recognition of figures, coloring matter, and state of conservation of such valuable art.

Control of Laser Scanner Trilateration Networks for Accurate Georeferencing of Caves: Application to El Castillo Cave (Spain)

“…The integration of 3DTLS and GNSS permits a rapid, accurate, and reliable recording of complex features such as the caves or cavities [2,65,66]. The information can be used to derive cartography such as floor plans, contour lines, longitudinal and cross sections, threedimensional analysis, scenarios for virtual reality [67], or just the base for hyperspectral studios [3,4,64,68].…”

“…The cave is about 400 m long and is divided into different spaces in rooms, corridors, galleries, and roundabouts. Throughout its extension, this cavern contains a large number of animal figures, such as aurochs, goats, deer, hinds, reindeers, horses, and so on [64]. In order to scan the cave, 133 scans (Figure 13) were necessary along the entire route.…”

Problem sztuki naskalnej w Polsce

“…Zadanie to w głównej mierze oparte jest na różnych formach obrazowania z wykorzystaniem najróżniejszego sprzętu, poczynając od różnego typu mikroskopów, skanerów czy aparatów fotograficznych, i późniejszej analizie. Jednym z przykładów takiego działania jest zastosowanie do badania sztuki naskalnej obrazowania wielospektralnego (Bayarri, 2021). Rycin i malowideł można się spodziewać w różnych częściach jaskini, również tych bardzo trudno dostępnych, a to wymaga umiejętności w zakresie alpinizmu jaskiniowego (np.…”

Una propuesta cronológica para la Cueva de El Castillo (Puente Viesgo, Cantabria), basada en su estratigrafía iconográfica

“…1) and high resolution panoramic images. The innovative hyperspectral technique 2021) consists in that, when we take a photograph with a conventional camera, we get data BSAA arqueología, LXXXV-LXXXVI, 2019-2020, pp. 149-176.…”