New developments in crown ether chemistry: Lariat, spherand and second‐sphere complexes

Weber, Edwin; Toner, John L.; Goldberg, Israel; Vögtle, Fritz; Laidler, Dale A.; Bartsch, Richard A.; Liotta, Charles L.

doi:10.1002/9780470772232.ch5

Cited by 18 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 158 publications

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“…Overall, this ePAD represented much higher sensitivity (DL of 6.3 × 10 −12 ) compared to the previously conventional potentiometric cell (DL of 3.2 × 10 −5 ) [ 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…Investigation of B15C5-MCPE selectivity toward Cd 2+ ion and Calibration curve for Cd 2+ ion determination. Experimental conditions: channel containing 0.1 mol•L −1 KNO3 in 0.1 mol•L −1 HAcNaAc buffer pH 5.0; 6B pencil as a pseudo-reference electrode and B15C5-MCPE as an indicator electrode.Overall, this ePAD represented much higher sensitivity (DL of 6.3 × 10 −12 ) compared to the previously conventional potentiometric cell (DL of 3.2 × 10 −5 )[35].…”

mentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Measuring the pH value of paper, which is explained in Supplementary Materials , showed that paper was almost neutral (≈6.8). Hence, pH does not play a significant role in measurement and the measurement conditions are similar to those of the bulk system [ 27 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cavity size of the B15C5 (1.10 Å) suits well for the uptake of Cd 2+ (radius 0.97 Å). Therefore, this crown ether had been used previously as a modifier in carbon paste electrode for sensing of Cd 2+ [ 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For Cd 2+ sensing by the ePAD, the indicator electrode was drawn using Benzo15-crown-5 modified carbon paste (B15C5-MCPE). For preparation of B15C5-MCPE, the same composition as the original work was used [ 35 ]. B15C5-MCPE includes 71% graphite, 25% Nujol oil and 4% B15C5.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An All-in-One Solid State Thin-Layer Potentiometric Sensor and Biosensor Based on Three-Dimensional Origami Paper Microfluidics

2021

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An origami three-dimensional design of a paper-based potentiometric sensor is described. In its simplest form, this electrochemical paper-based analytical device (ePAD) is made from three small parts of the paper. Paper layers are folded on each other for the integration of a solid contact ion selective electrode (here a carbon-paste composite electrode) and a solid-state pseudo-reference electrode (here writing pencil 6B on the paper), which are in contact with a hydrophilic channel fabricated on the middle part (third part) of the paper. In this case, the pseudo-reference and working electrodes are connected to the two sides of the hydrophilic channel and hence the distance between them is as low as the width of paper. The unmodified carbon paste electrode (UCPE) and modification with the crown ether benzo15-crown-5 (B15C5) represented a very high sensitivity to Cu (II) and Cd2+ ions, respectively. The sensor responded to H2O2 using MnO2-doped carbon paste electrode (CPE). Furthermore, a biosensor was achieved by the addition of glucose oxidase to the MnO2-doped CPE and hence made it selective to glucose with ultra-sensitivity. In addition to very high sensitivity, our device benefits from consuming a very low volume of sample (10.0 µL) and automatic sampling without need for sampling devices.

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“…Overall, this ePAD represented much higher sensitivity (DL of 6.3 × 10 −12 ) compared to the previously conventional potentiometric cell (DL of 3.2 × 10 −5 ) [ 35 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An All-in-One Solid State Thin-Layer Potentiometric Sensor and Biosensor Based on Three-Dimensional Origami Paper Microfluidics

2021

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Molecular Recognition

Weber¹

2000

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Molecular recognition is a central point. It may be said that without molecular recognition, there would be no life on this world. Vital biochemical processes such as enzyme action, molecular transport, genetic information, processing and protein assembly all involve molecular recognition as an essential action. Understanding of its principles is still a problem although a first elucidation of the rules that govern molecular recognition dates back to the late nineteenth century. The “lock‐and‐key” principle (1894) proposed that enzyme and substrate can be compared to lock and key getting selectivity between molecules involved. Earlier it was recognized that molecules do not act if they do not bind, thus introducing the concept of receptor. Finally binding or fixation requires interaction, affinity between the partners, that may be related to the idea of coordination of Werner. According to these basic concepts, molecular recognition implies complementary lock‐and‐key type fit between molecules. The lock is the molecular receptor and the key being the substrate that is recognized and selected to give a defined receptor–substrate complex, a coordination compound or a supermolecule. Hence molecular recognition is one of the three main pillars, fixation, coordination, and recognition, that lay foundation of what is now called supramolecular chemistry.

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Benzo‐18‐crown‐6 and its lariat ether derivatives as ionophores for potassium, strontium, and lead ion‐selective electrodes

et al. 1992

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Ion-selective microelectrodes were prepared by coating a matrix containing the crown ether benzo-18-crown-6 or one of five polyether ring-substituted benzo-18-crown-6 derivatives on a preconditioned silver wire in a flow cell. Responses of the electrodes toward lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calciuni, strontium, and lead were measured. Selectivity coefficients were obtained by the matched potential, fixed interference, and separate solution methods. Compared with benzo-18-crown-6, the nature of the side arm in the lariat ether derivatives was found to influence the selectivities in different ways. For specific ionophores, high selectivities of potassium over lithium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, and strontium, of strontium over magnesium and calcium, and of lead over magnesium, calcium, and strontium were demonstrated.

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New developments in crown ether chemistry: Lariat, spherand and second‐sphere complexes

Cited by 18 publications

References 158 publications

An All-in-One Solid State Thin-Layer Potentiometric Sensor and Biosensor Based on Three-Dimensional Origami Paper Microfluidics

An All-in-One Solid State Thin-Layer Potentiometric Sensor and Biosensor Based on Three-Dimensional Origami Paper Microfluidics

Molecular Recognition

Benzo‐18‐crown‐6 and its lariat ether derivatives as ionophores for potassium, strontium, and lead ion‐selective electrodes

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