New Coating Technique of Ceramic Implants with Different Glass Solder Matrices for Improved Osseointegration-Mechanical Investigations

Abstract

Ceramics are a very popular material in dental implant technology due to their tribological properties, their biocompatibility and their esthetic appearance. However, their natural surface structure lacks the ability of proper osseointegration, which constitutes a crucial process for the stability and, thus, the functionality of a bone implant. We investigated the application of a glass solder matrix in three configurations-consisting mainly of SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , K 2 O and Na 2 O to TZP-A ceramic specimens. The corresponding adhesive strength and surface roughness of the coatings on ceramic specimens have been analyzed. Thereby, high adhesive strength (70.3 ± 7.9 MPa) was found for the three different coatings. The obtained roughness (R z ) amounted to 18.24 ± 2.48 µm in average, with significant differences between the glass solder configurations. Furthermore, one configuration was also tested after additional etching which did not lead to significant increase of surface roughness (19.37 ± 1.04 µm ) or adhesive strength (57.2 ± 5.8 MPa).In conclusion, coating with glass solder matrix seems to be a promising surface modification technique that may enable direct insertion of ceramic implants in dental and orthopaedic surgery.

A Novel Technique for the Connection of Ceramic and Titanium Implant Components Using Glass Solder Bonding

“…For curing, the compound samples were thermally treated with the above-mentioned furnace. In contrast to the application as a sole surface modification, as described by Mick et al [ 20 ], the glass solder configuration used in this study was fired at a lower curing temperature ( i.e. , below 850 °C).…”

“…This would result in a dental implant with an all-ceramic outer appearance in combination with the structural functionality of titanium on the inside. While the glass soldering technique has already been described in terms of a modification for ceramic implant surfaces [ 20 , 21 ], its use for connecting metals and ceramics has not been investigated thus far. In this experimental study, the feasibility of this technique was investigated with respect to its mechanical properties under different test configurations in comparison to a commercially available two-component adhesive glue.…”

Surface Modifications of Dental Ceramic Implants with Different Glass Solder Matrices:In VitroAnalyses with Human Primary Osteoblasts and Epithelial Cells

“…S2 showed significantly higher average surface roughness (20.44 ± 1.23  μ m [22]) compared to native and sandblasted TZP-A (each P < 0.001), which was lower than sandblasted titanium ( P = 0.008). The glass solder matrices S1 and S2 did not differ significantly in average surface roughness ( P > 0.05).…”

“…In a preliminary study, the surface modification of ceramics with glass solder matrices was investigated with respect to the mechanical properties surface roughness and adhesive strength [ 22 ]. The present study aimed to investigate the cell biological response of human osteoblasts and gingival epithelial cells to ceramic implants coated with two different glass solder matrices.…”

Material Fatigue Research for Zirconia Ceramic Dental Implant: a Comparative Laboratory and Simulation Study in Dentistry

“…Because of its excellent biomechanical characteristics, biocompatibility, and bright tooth-like color, zirconia (zirconium dioxide, ZrO 2 ) with tetragonal crystal structure has the potential to become a substitute for titanium as dental implant material [2]. The zirconia ceramics have been employed for dental implant materials, as articial dental roots, undergo cyclic loading for a long period in corrosive environment of mouth [3].…”