New biocomposite [biphasic calcium phosphate/ poly-DL-lactide-co-glycolide/biostimulative agent] filler for reconstruction of bone tissue changed by osteoporosis

Abstract

Biphasic calcium phosphate-poly-DL-lactide-co-glycolide composite biomaterial with and without biostimulative agents (protein-rich plasma or fibrin) was synthesised in the form suitable for reconstruction of bone defects. The composite used as filler was obtained by precipitation in solvent-non-solvent systems. The material, calcium phosphate granules covered by polymer, was characterised by wide-angle X-ray structural analysis, scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. Reparation of bone tissue damaged by osteoporosis was investigated in vivo on rats. The method applied enabled production of granules of calcium phosphate-poly-DL-lactide-co- glycolide composite biomaterial of average diameter 150-200 mum. Histological analysis confirmed recuperation of the alveolar bone, which osteoporosis-induced defects were repaired using composite biomaterial. By addition of biostimulative agents, intensity of osteogenesis increases accompanied by the formation of regular, new bone structure.

Biphasic calcium phosphate coated with poly-d,l-lactide-co-glycolide biomaterial as a bone substitute

“…Application of BCP/DLPLG facilitated overgrowth of new-formed vascular tissue, fibroblasts and intensified the activity and adherence of osteoblasts. 24 Injectable biomaterials, based on BCP and bioresorbable polymer, are of especial interest in bone tissue engineering. Their advanced properties are good mechanical characteristics, biocompatibility and facile defect regeneration.…”

Substitution of Osteoporotic Alveolar Bone by Biphasic Calcium Phosphate/Poly-DL-lactide-co-glycolide Biomaterials

“…The used BCP/PLGA composite was synthesized according to the procedure given earlier [13,18]. Calcium phosphate gel was obtained by precipitation of calcium nitrate and ammonium phosphate in an alkaline medium.…”

“…In order to solve the problem of bone tissue loss caused by advanced resorption of alveolar bone due to systemic osteoporosis, we have used a biphasic calcium phosphate/poly-DL-lactide-co-glycolide (BCP/DLPLG) composite biomaterial [13]. The most important characteristic of biphasic calcium phosphate is its chemical similarity to the mineralized bone phase, while bioresorbable polymers based on lactide and glycolide exhibit a high degree of biocompatibility and nontoxicity [14][15][16].…”

“…In previous work [13], the artificial defects in mandibles of rats damaged by osteoporosis were filled with BCP/PLGA biocomposite in order to reconstruct them. As BCP/PLGA in these investigations proved to be an extremely good osteoconductive biomaterial in osteoreconstructive processes, it was then used in clinical research.…”

Multifunctional and hybrid systems based on calcium-phosphate and hydroxyapatite for preventive and regenerative medicine

“…Kompozitni materijal na bazi bifaznog kalcijumfosfata (BCP, koji sadrži HAp i trikalcijumfosfat) i PLGA je ispitan u rekonstrukcijama osteoporozom oštećenog koštanog tkiva [69]. Utvrđeno je da BCP/PLGA indukuje formiranje nove kosti i zahvaljujući njegovom osteokonduktivnom potencijalu može uspešno zameniti koštano tkivo.…”