Neutron Techniques for Detection of Explosives

Lanza, R.

doi:10.1016/b978-044452204-7/50025-0

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Other approaches to explosive detection include using physical methods, such as mass spectrometry [ 10 ], differential mobility spectrometry [ 11 ], electrochemical methods [ 12 ], microcantilever devices [ 13 ], neutron techniques [ 14 ], nuclear quadrupole resonance methods [ 15 ], X-ray diffraction methods [ 16 ], millimeter-wave [ 17 ] or terahertz imaging [ 18 ], and, finally, laser-based detection methods [ 19 ]. The main disadvantages of these methods are the lack of portability, a need for special algorithms for transferring the sensory event to a readable signal, a noticeable time delay from the sensing event to the physical signal, the high cost of equipment, and, in most cases, the requirement for operation by highly trained personnel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymers and Polymer-Based Materials for the Detection of (Nitro-)explosives

Taniya,

Khasanov,

Sadieva

et al. 2023

Materials

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Methods for the remote detection of warfare agents and explosives have been in high demand in recent times. Among the several detection methods, fluorescence methods appear to be more convenient due to their low cost, simple operation, fast response time, and naked-eye-visible sensory response. For fluorescence methods, a large variety of fluorescent materials, such as small-molecule-based fluorophores, aggregation-induced emission fluorophores/materials, and supramolecular systems, have been reported in the literature. Among them, fluorescent (bio)polymers/(bio)polymer-based materials have gained wide attention due to their excellent mechanical properties and sensory performance, their ability to recognize explosives via different sensing mechanisms and their combinations, and, finally, the so-called amplification of the sensory response. This review provides the most up-to-date data on the utilization of polymers and polymer-based materials for the detection of nitroaromatic compounds (NACs)/nitro-explosives (NEs) in the last decade. The literature data have been arranged depending on the polymer type and/or sensory mechanism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymers and Polymer-Based Materials for the Detection of (Nitro-)explosives

Taniya,

Khasanov,

Sadieva

et al. 2023

Materials

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“…Explosive detection systems (EDS) based on thermal neutron activation (TNA) depend on the quality of signatures of characteristic photons for their detection and characterization (Kuznetsov & Osetrov, 2006;Koltick & McConchie, 2007;Lanza, 2007;Whetstone & Kearfott, 2014). Both prompt-and thermal activation analyses have been investigated for the detection of concealed explosives in luggage, vehicles, air cargo and for humanitarian demining.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristic photon yields from thermal neutron activation of explosives for a portable detection system

Khan

Koreshi²,

Sheikh³

et al. 2021

J. Natn. Sci. Foundation Sri Lanka

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Explosive detection systems (EDS) based on thermal neutron activation can be used for detection and identification of concealed explosives such as trinitrotoluene, cyclonite, and ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3 ). Activation results in emission of characteristic gamma rays of constituents whose relative intensities yield atomic fractions of the explosives and instant identification. Applications of EDS can also be at airports and seaports as well as in vehicles. Such systems have been studied, developed and tested and are being refined in their design and functionality as several issues still need to be resolved, such as the associated high radiation dose and development of fast algorithms for their identification. This paper considers a portable EDS, incorporating a neutron source and radiation detection systems, which can fit into a portable briefcase of dimensions 40 cm × 30 cm × 8 cm. The detection efficiency and radiation dose are computed by carrying out simulations, to estimate the strengths of characteristic photon yields, using the Monte Carlo code MCNP5 to present a useful and efficient engineering design. Two factors of concern were found to be the excessive photons from material of least interest ( 10 B, Ca, Pb) and the excessive radiation dose in the immediate vicinity of a portable system. However, an accurate estimate of the H/N ratio was obtained with simulation carried out for ~1kg concealed TNT explosive. The ratio was found to be ~1.61 which is very close to the actual ratio (1.67). Thus, the accurate identification of TNT explosives can be efficiently carried out by such a portable system.

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“…Neutron tomography finds different use in a broad spectrum of applications. As an example, it is possible to apply this technique in archeology for dating and studying historical artworks [1] , in materials science [2], in fuel cells research [3], in biological and medical applications [4], and in homeland security and contraband detection [5]. Taking into account the opposite trend of cross section for different materials as compared to X-rays, neutrons are a good alternative for scanning light materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Initial results from new 3D neutron detectors

et al. 2016

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In this paper we report the initial results from our second generation of 3D silicon detectors for neutrons. The devices are briefly described and the first functional characterization tests carried out in laboratory before coupling to neutron converter material are reported. Particular emphasis is given to the read-out system used for the suppression of signals induced by γ-rays, that is one of the main issues in neutron detection. Experimental results are discussed with the aid of TCAD simulations. K: Detector modelling and simulations II (electric fields, charge transport, multiplication and induction, pulse formation, electron emission, etc); Hybrid detectors; Solid state detectors 1Corresponding author.

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Neutron Techniques for Detection of Explosives

Cited by 6 publications

References 35 publications

Polymers and Polymer-Based Materials for the Detection of (Nitro-)explosives

Polymers and Polymer-Based Materials for the Detection of (Nitro-)explosives

Characteristic photon yields from thermal neutron activation of explosives for a portable detection system

Initial results from new 3D neutron detectors

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