Neurotoxicity of Heavy Metals in Fishes: A Mechanistic Approach

Farooq, Sana; Wali, Adil Farooq; Majid, Sabhiya; Rasool, Saiema; Wani, Hilal Ahmad; Bhat, Showkat Ahmad; Ali, Shafat; Echikoti, Rafiqa; Rasool, Shabhat; Ahmad, Ajaz; Rehman, Muneeb U.

doi:10.1201/9781003130116-4

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“…Hexavalent chromium acts as a neurotoxin in fish because the intermediate is generated during the conversion of hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium by reducing agents such as GSH [47]. Hexavalent chromium affects the central nervous system by causing oxidative or nitrosative stress [48,49]. AChE terminates cholinergic reaction nicotinic acetylcholine receptors [50,51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic Effects on Oxidative Stress, Neurotoxicity, Stress, and Immune Responses in Juvenile Olive Flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, Exposed to Waterborne Hexavalent Chromium

Lee

Kim

Lee

et al. 2022

Biology

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Juvenile Paralichthys olivaceus were exposed to waterborne hexavalent chromium at various concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/L) for 10 days. After chromium exposure, the activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase, which are oxidative stress indicators, were significantly increased; however, the glutathione level was significantly reduced. Acetylcholinesterase activity as a neurotoxicity marker was significantly inhibited upon chromium exposure. Other stress indicators, including plasma cortisol and heat shock protein 70, were significantly increased. The immune response markers (lysozyme and immunoglobulin M) were significantly decreased after chromium exposure. These results suggest that exposure to environmental toxicity in the form of waterborne chromium at concentrations higher than 1.0 mg/L causes significant alterations in antioxidant responses, neurotransmitters, stress, and immune responses in juvenile olive flounders. This study will provide a basis for an accurate assessment of the toxic effects of hexavalent chromium on aquatic organisms.

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