Neuropsychological profiling of impulsivity and compulsivity in cocaine dependent individuals

Fernández-Serrano, María José; Perales, José C.; Moreno-López, Laura; Pérez-Garcı́a, Miguel; Verdejo-García, Antonio

doi:10.1007/s00213-011-2485-z

Cited by 124 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The analysis of studies included in this review showed that when compared to controls with no history of PS abuse, cocaine and/or crack users (CU) exhibited high levels of impulsiveness, 30 In a language production task, both RCU and chronic cocaine and/or crack users (CCU) exhibited increased vulnerability to semantic interference. 38 Just one study did not report inhibition deficits in RCU and CCU, but both groups did exhibit elevated levels of impulsiveness (assessed by questionnaire).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of inhibitory control in crack and/or cocaine users: a systematic review

Czermainski

Willhelm

Santos

et al. 2017

Trends Psychiatry Psychother.

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Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy Review ArticleResumo Objetivo: Prejuízos envolvendo o controle inibitório têm sido considerados déficits centrais em usuários de substâncias psicoativas, contudo parece haver disfunções específicas de acordo com a droga de escolha. Este artigo teve por objetivo revisar os achados recentes sobre alterações do controle inibitório em amostras de usuários de cocaína e/ou crack. Método: A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, PsycINFO e Web of Knowledge, em duas etapas, de acordo com os critérios de elegibilidade: inicialmente foi feita uma pesquisa nas bases de dados com análise dos títulos e resumos; após, os artigos foram lidos na íntegra. Os critérios de inclusão foram: artigos empíricos publicados em inglês, português ou espanhol, nos últimos 10 anos e que tenham avaliado o controle inibitório em usuários de cocaína e/ou crack. Resultados: Do total de 3.796 resultados, 56 títulos foram selecionados, sendo 20 excluídos. Como resultado, 36 artigos foram incluídos na revisão. Em 90% dos estudos revisados, foi relatada a presença de déficits de controle inibitório, verificados através de prejuízos no processamento cognitivo e no monitoramento de respostas, além de níveis elevados de impulsividade, independentemente do padrão de consumo de cocaína e/ou crack (uso recreativo ou crônico). Usuários em abstinência apresentaram níveis elevados de impulsividade, mesmo após longos períodos sem uso da droga. Conclusão: Usuários de cocaína e/ou crack podem apresentar prejuízos de controle inibitório apesar dos diferentes padrões de consumo. Níveis elevados de impulsividade podem constituir fator de vulnerabilidade para o uso de drogas e para a recaída. Descritores: Drogas, avaliação, inibição, cognição. AbstractObjective: Impairments involving inhibitory control have been considered central deficits in drug users, but it appears that dysfunctions may be specific to users' drug of choice. This article aims to review recent findings on inhibitory control impairment in samples of crack and/or cocaine users. Methods: Searches were conducted on the PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Knowledge databases in two stages according to eligibility criteria. Initially, databases were searched and the titles and abstracts of results were analyzed and then selected articles were read in full. Inclusion criteria were: empirical articles written in English, Portuguese, or Spanish, published in the last ten years and involving the assessment of inhibitory control in crack and/or cocaine users. Results: The database searches returned a total of 3,796 titles, 56 of them were selected initially and then a further 20 were excluded. Thirty-six articles were included in this review. In 90% of the studies reviewed the presence of inhibitory control deficits was reported, verified by impaired cognitive processing and response monitoring, as well as high levels of impulsiveness, regardless of the pattern of crack and/or cocaine consumption (recreational or chronic). Former users showed high levels of impulsi...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of inhibitory control in crack and/or cocaine users: a systematic review

Czermainski

Willhelm

Santos

et al. 2017

Trends Psychiatry Psychother.

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“…Alcohol Drugs, 74, 635-641, 2013) A LCOHOL ACUTELY AFFECTS component processes of executive functioning, including planning (Montgomery et al, 2011;Peterson et al, 1990;Weissenborn and Duka, 2003), set-shifting (Guillot et al, 2010;Lyvers and Maltzman, 1991), response inhibition (Reynolds et al, 2006), and working memory (Grattan-Miscio and VogelSprott, 2005;Schweizer et al, 2006). In addition, there are residual effects of alcohol on executive function, such that chronic use of alcohol leads to defi cits in performance on tasks that measure the same constructs (Cairney et al, 2007;Fernández-Serrano et al, 2011;Green et al, 2010;Hildebrandt et al, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute and Chronic Effects of Alcohol on Trail Making Test Performance Among Underage Drinkers in a Field Setting

Day

Celio

Lisman

et al. 2013

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: Alcohol's effects on executive functioning are well documented. Research in this area has provided much information on both the acute and chronic effects of alcohol on processes such as working memory and mental fl exibility. However, most research on the acute effects of alcohol is conducted with individuals older than 21 years of age. Using fi eld recruitment methods can provide unique empirical data on the acute effects of alcohol on an underage population. Method: The current study examined the independent effects of acute alcohol intoxication (measured by breath alcohol content) and chronic alcohol use (measured by years drinking) on a test of visuomotor performance and mental fl exibility (Trail Making Test) among 91 drinkers ages 18-20 years recruited from a fi eld setting. Results: Results show that breath alcohol predicts performance on Trails B, but not on Trails A, and that years drinking, above and beyond acute intoxication, predicts poorer performance on both Trails A and B. Conclusions: These data suggest that, independent of the acute effects of alcohol, chronic alcohol consumption has deleterious effects on executive functioning processes among underage drinkers. Our discussion focuses on the importance of these data in describing the effect of alcohol on adolescents and the potential for engaging in risky behavior while intoxicated. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 74, 635-641, 2013)

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“…In previous works with adults, we have found distinctive response patterns in this task in drug users (Verdejo-García, Perales, & Pérez-García, 2007), and high trait-impulsivity individuals from non-clinical samples (Perales, VerdejoGarcía, Moya, Lozano, & Pérez-García, 2009), and, in general, a number of works have found associations between performance in this task and behavioral patterns with elements of impulsiveness (e.g. Dougherty et al, 2003;Berlin & Bohlin, 2002;Fernández-Serrano, Perales, Moreno-López, Pérez-García, & Verdejo-García, 2012;see Perales et al, 2009;Spinella, 2004, for reviews). Trait impulsivity is, in turn, related to inappropriate or disruptive behavior (Muñoz, Carreras, & Braza, 2004;Pihet, Suter, Halfon, & Stephan, 2012;Romer et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 82%

El papel de la impulsividad motora en el ajuste socioemocional de niños de alto riesgo y de controles sanos de 7 años de edad: Un estudio de seguimiento.

et al. 2014

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Título: El papel de la impulsividad motora en el ajuste socioemocional de niños de alto riesgo y de controles sanos de 7 años de edad: Un estudio de seguimiento. Resumen: El presente estudio persigue dos objetivos: primero evaluar la presencia de alteraciones conductuales e intelectuales en niños de 7 años caracterizados como de alto riego al nacer -comparados con un grupo de controles sanos -y, segundo, y lo que es más importante, evaluar el valor discriminativo de una tarea neuropsicológica de impulsividad motora (Go/No-go) como indicador del ajuste emocional en la vida cotidiana. Se administró la Escala de Evaluación de Conducta para Niños (BASC), la Escala de Inteligencia de Weschler (WISC) y la Go/No-go a 14 niños de 7 años de alto riesgo y a 20 controles sanos. Los niños de alto riego habían sido clasificados como tales al poco tiempo de nacer, a causa de la presencia de factores de riesgo perinatal, y posteriormente dados de alta de la unidad de atención temprana. Actualmente están escolarizados conforme a su edad. Esperábamos que la ejecución en la tarea Go/No-go fuera un indicador de problemas conductuales en los niños de alto riesgo y, específicamen-te, de aquellos más relacionados con el ajuste socioemocional. Los niños de alto riego mostraron peores puntuaciones en la mayor parte de las subescalas del BASC y el WISC, y cometieron más errores de omisión y de comisión en la Go/No-go. Los análisis de regresión para toda la muestra mostraron que la ejecución en la Go/No-go es un predictor (independientemente del CI) de los problemas de ajuste socioemocional. Este resultado concuerda con la idea de que la impulsividad motora es un mediador importante entre el desarrollo de la función ejecutiva y el ajuste emocional. Palabras clave: impulsividad; función ejecutiva; tarea Go/No-go; BASC; niños de alto riesgo; neuropsicología experimental. Abstract:The main aim of the present study was two-wise: first, to assess the presence of behavioral and intellectual disturbances in high-risk 7-yearold children, compared to healthy controls; and, second, and most importantly, to evaluate the discriminative validity of a motor impulsivity neuropsychological task (Go/No-go) as an indicator of daily-life socioemotional adjustment. We administered the Behavior Assessment Scale for Children (BASC), the Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV), and the Go/No-go task to 14 high-risk 7 year-olds and 20 matched healthy controls. High-risk children had been classified as so shortly after birth, due to the presence of perinatal risk factors, and later released from the early care unit. They are currently schooled according to their age. We expected performance in the Go/No-go task to be a good indicator of behavioral disturbances in high-risk children, and more specifically of those related to socioemotional adjustment. Accordingly to such a hypothesis, high-risk children showed significantly worse scores in most BASC and WISC subscales, and committed more commission and omission errors on the Go/No-go task. Most importa...

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Neuropsychological profiling of impulsivity and compulsivity in cocaine dependent individuals

Abstract: CDI have both inhibition and perseveration deficits; both patterns were broadly indicative of orbitofrontal dysfunction in the context of reinforcement learning. Impulsive personality and cocaine exposure jointly contribute to deficits in response perseveration or compulsivity.

Cited by 124 publications

References 34 publications

Assessment of inhibitory control in crack and/or cocaine users: a systematic review

Assessment of inhibitory control in crack and/or cocaine users: a systematic review

Acute and Chronic Effects of Alcohol on Trail Making Test Performance Among Underage Drinkers in a Field Setting

El papel de la impulsividad motora en el ajuste socioemocional de niños de alto riesgo y de controles sanos de 7 años de edad: Un estudio de seguimiento.

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