Neuroprotective effects of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in neurodegeneration after optic nerve crush in rats

Early Methylprednisolone Treatment Can Stabilize the Blood-Optic Nerve Barrier in a Rat Model of Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy (rAION)

“…The laser settings were the same as that reported in our previous paper. 14,27,28 Flash Visual-Evoked Potentials (FVEP)…”

“…The details have been described in our previous reports. [26][27][28] Retinal Preparation. Briefly, the remaining eyecups containing the sclera and the retina were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for 2 hours at room temperature.…”

“…[26][27][28] In brief, the retinas were examined for RGCs at a distance of 1 and 3 mm from the center to provide the central and midperipheral RGC densities, respectively. We counted at least eight randomly chosen areas in the central (approximately 40% of the central area) and midperipheral (approximately 30% of the midperiphery) regions of each retina, and their averages were used as the mean density of RGCs per retina (n ¼ 6 rats per group).…”

“…The details have been described in our previous reports. 15,[26][27][28] Evans Blue (EB) Dye Extravasation of the ONs Optic nerve vascular leakage was quantified using modifications of the published techniques. 29,30 The details of the vascular permeability test have been described in our previous report.…”

“…[26][27][28] Briefly, longitudinal sections of the ONs were stained with hematoxylin-eosin for morphologic evaluation. Since ED1 antibodies react against extrinsic macrophages, 32 IHC of ED1 (CD68) using a monoclonal antibody (1:50, AbD Serotec, Oxford, UK) was performed.…”