Neuroprotective Effects of Quercetin and Rutin on Spatial Memory Impairment in an 8-Arm Radial Maze Task and Neuronal Death Induced by Repeated Cerebral Ischemia in Rats

Abstract

Abstract. In order to determine the differential effects of flavonoids on cerebral ischemia, we investigated the effects of (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), catechin, rutin, and quercetin on spatial memory impairment and neuronal death induced by repeated cerebral ischemia in rats. Both rutin and quercetin (50 mg / kg × 2) improved spatial memory impairment in the 8-arm radial maze task and neuronal death in the hippocampal CA1 area; however, catechin (200 mg / kg × 2) and EGCG (50 mg / kg × 1) did not. Administration of EGCG (50 mg / kg × 2) resulted in a high mortality rate. These results suggest that in this repeated cerebral ischemia model, the 4-oxo group and the 2,3-double bond in the C ring of rutin and quercetin are related to their neuroprotective action.

Protective effects ofHammada scopariaflavonoid-enriched fraction on liver injury induced by warm ischemia/reperfusion

“…Furthermore, rutin and its analogues, such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and quercetin, act as efficient radical inhibitors. They have also been reported to rescue spatial memory impairment in rats with ischemia-reperfusion-induced cerebral injury (Pu et al, 2007). Rutin was also noted to decrease mitochondrial TBARS (Gupta et al, 2003) and to attenuate morphological damage and ischemic apoptosis (Khan et al, 2009).…”

The Effect of Green Tea Leaf Extract on Spatial Memory Function and Superoxyde Dismutase Enzyme Activity in Mice with D-galactose Induced Dimentia

“…Another study showed that the administration of green tea EGCG 10 mg/kg daily for 4 weeks post intracerebroventricular streptozotocininduced dementia can improve the cognitive abilities in Wistar rats assessed with MWM (Biasibetti et al, 2013). However, these results shows a contradiction to an earlier research showing that the administration of green tea EGCG at a dose of 50 mg/kg BW fail to improve spatial memory as well as repair damaged brain neurocells in BALB/c mice with recurrent induction (Pu et al, 2007). The different results could have been due to the different duration of the extract.…”

“…Some studies indicate that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), main polyphenol in green tea; have antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer, and neuroprotective effect (Lee et al, 2013;YK Lee et al, 2009;Mandel et al, 2008;Miao et al, 2009). However, a study stated that EGCG or green tea extract at a certain dose does not have a significant effect on cognitive function, oxidative stress, or neuroinflammation status (Pu et al, 2007;Flores et al, 2014).…”

“…The studies show that the oral administration of green tea EGCG (2 and 6 mg/kg BW) for 4 weeks significantly improves cognitive ability in mice induced by D-galactose (Miao et al, 2009). However, a different study showed that the administration of green tea EGCG at the dose of 50 mg/kg fail to improve spatial memory abilities as well as repair nerve cell damage in BALB/c mouse brain induced by repeated ischemia (Pu et al, 2007). This present study was aimed to determine the effect of higher and graded dose of tea leaf extract on spatial memory function and SOD enzyme activity in BALB/c mice induced by D-galactose.…”

Inhibitory Effects of Acorn Extract on Glutamate-Induced Calcium Signaling in Cultured Rat Hippocampal Neurons

“…10,11) Phenolic compounds supposedly attenuate β-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity 12,13) and cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal death. 14) The acorn, Quercus acutissima Carrutthers, is the nut of the oaks and their close relatives. Acorn extract contains phenolic compounds, which are hydrolysable tannins that contain gallic acid, digallic acid and gallotannin.…”