Neuroendocrine and Immune Responses to 16-Day Bed Rest with Realistic Launch and Landing G Profiles

Stowe, Raymond P.; Yetman, Deborah L.; Storm, William F.; Sams, Clarence F.; Pierson, Duane L.

doi:10.3357/asem.2205.2008

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…11 Terrestrial space analog studies have suggested that altered leukocyte distribution in astronauts may result from stress and not microgravity conditions. 34 For ISS crews the WBC count was significantly elevated during missions at both the early and late time points, relative to the L-180 baseline data. No in-flight alterations were observed among the bulk lymphocyte, T and T-memory subsets, with the exception of an increased NK-cell concentration at the late in-flight timepoint.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Alterations in adaptive immunity persist during long-duration spaceflight

Crucian

Stowe

Mehta³

et al. 2015

npj Microgravity

198

165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:It is currently unknown whether immune system alterations persist during long-duration spaceflight. In this study various adaptive immune parameters were assessed in astronauts at three intervals during 6-month spaceflight on board the International Space Station (ISS).AIMS:To assess phenotypic and functional immune system alterations in astronauts participating in 6-month orbital spaceflight.Methods:Blood was collected before, during, and after flight from 23 astronauts participating in 6-month ISS expeditions. In-flight samples were returned to Earth within 48 h of collection for immediate analysis. Assays included peripheral leukocyte distribution, T-cell function, virus-specific immunity, and mitogen-stimulated cytokine production profiles.Results:Redistribution of leukocyte subsets occurred during flight, including an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count and alterations in CD8+ T-cell maturation. A reduction in general T-cell function (both CD4+ and CD8+) persisted for the duration of the 6-month spaceflights, with differential responses between mitogens suggesting an activation threshold shift. The percentage of CD4+ T cells capable of producing IL-2 was depressed after landing. Significant reductions in mitogen-stimulated production of IFNγ, IL-10, IL-5, TNFα, and IL-6 persisted during spaceflight. Following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, production of IL-10 was reduced, whereas IL-8 production was increased during flight.Conclusions:The data indicated that immune alterations persist during long-duration spaceflight. This phenomenon, in the absence of appropriate countermeasures, has the potential to increase specific clinical risks for crewmembers during exploration-class deep space missions.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Alterations in adaptive immunity persist during long-duration spaceflight

Crucian

Stowe

Mehta³

et al. 2015

npj Microgravity

198

165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For example, if repeated studies show that patients with neurological disease without rash that can be produced by VZV (e.g., vasculopathy, myelopathy or an ocular disorder) have VZV DNA or anti-VZV IgG antibody in CSF as well as VZV DNA in saliva, then the need for invasive lumbar punctures in such patients would be obviated. Finally, while passive drool is less expensive than synthetic swab, the latter must be used to obtain saliva from astronauts in space (Mehta et al, 2004) or in confined conditions encountered in Earth-based models that mimic stressful conditions experienced during spaceflight (Mehta et al, 2007; Stowe et al, 2008; Cohrs et al, 2009; Zwart et al, 2011). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid and sensitive detection of varicella zoster virus in saliva of patients with herpes zoster

Mehta¹,

Tyring

Cohrs

et al. 2013

Journal of Virological Methods

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

VZV reactivation produces zoster (shingles) which may be further complicated by meningoencephalitis, myelopathy, vasculopathy and multiple ocular disorders. Importantly, these neurological and ocular complications of VZV reactivation can occur without rash. In such instances, virological verification relies on detection of VZV DNA or anti-VZV IgG antibody in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), or less often, the presence of VZV DNA in blood mononuclear cells or anti-VZV IgM antibody in serum or CSF. If VZV were readily detected in other tissue samples (e.g., saliva or tears) in patients with neurological disease in the absence of rash and shown to correlate with the standard tests listed above, more invasive tests such as lumbar puncture might be obviated. In patients with acute herpes zoster, the yield of cell DNA was greater in saliva collected by passive drool or synthetic swab than by cotton swab. The time to process saliva from collection to obtaining DNA was one hour. VZV DNA was present exclusively in the pelleted fraction of saliva and was found in 100% of patients before antiviral treatment. This rapid sensitive method can be applied readily to saliva from humans with neurologic and other disease that might be caused by VZV in the absence of rash.

show abstract

“…Several studies showed an increased or decreased plasma cortisol level depending on the duration of bed rest. 18,19 The levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine were increased in control and intervention groups in a study of Kanikowska and colleagues. 20 Yet another bed rest study showed an increase in noradrenalin, dopamine, adrenocorticotropic hormone, growth hormone, prolactin levels and decreased expression of interferon (IFN)-c during and after bed rest.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of 60-day bed rest with and without exercise on cellular and humoral immunological parameters

et al. 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Exercise at regular intervals is assumed to have a positive effect on immune functions. Conversely, after spaceflight and under simulated weightlessness (e.g., bed rest), immune functions can be suppressed. We aimed to assess the effects of simulated weightlessness (Second Berlin BedRest Study; BBR2-2) on immunological parameters and to investigate the effect of exercise (resistive exercise with and without vibration) on these changes. Twenty-four physically and mentally healthy male volunteers (20-45 years) performed resistive vibration exercise (n57), resistance exercise without vibration (n58) or no exercise (n59) within 60 days of bed rest. Blood samples were taken 2 days before bed rest, on days 19 and 60 of bed rest. Composition of immune cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cytokines and neuroendocrine parameters were analyzed by Luminex technology and ELISA/RIA in plasma. General changes over time were identified by paired t-test, and exercise-dependent effects by pairwise repeated measurements (analysis of variance (ANOVA)). With all subjects pooled, the number of granulocytes, natural killer T cells, hematopoietic stem cells and CD45RA and CD25 co-expressing T cells increased and the number of monocytes decreased significantly during the study; the concentration of eotaxin decreased significantly. Different impacts of exercise were seen for lymphocytes, B cells, especially the IgD 1 subpopulation of B cells and the concentrations of IP-10, RANTES and DHEA-S. We conclude that prolonged bed rest significantly impacts immune cell populations and cytokine concentrations. Exercise was able to specifically influence different immunological parameters. In summary, our data fit the hypothesis of immunoprotection by exercise and may point toward even superior effects by resistive vibration exercise.

show abstract

Neuroendocrine and Immune Responses to 16-Day Bed Rest with Realistic Launch and Landing G Profiles

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Alterations in adaptive immunity persist during long-duration spaceflight

Alterations in adaptive immunity persist during long-duration spaceflight

Rapid and sensitive detection of varicella zoster virus in saliva of patients with herpes zoster

Effects of 60-day bed rest with and without exercise on cellular and humoral immunological parameters

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About