Neurocognitive Disorder and Emotional Symptoms in HIV+ Brazilian Elderly: Influence of Gender, Income, Diet, and Sleep

Barroso, Sabrina Martins; Sousa, Kelly Cristina Ramira

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2021.721029

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Second, there were more male subjects than females in both groups which may bias our results with more male features. It should also be considered that recent evidence indicates that male and female may have different rates and patterns of neurocognitive impairment [53,54] . Although many studies were under powered to reliably measure sex differences in cognitive impairment, a few have met this objective,…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…showing evidence that women living with HIV may have greater neurocognitive impairment than men living with HIV [53] . Moreover, we only conducted whole brain FC for the brain regions with differences in fALFF and given ROIs which inevitably brought some subjective factors and further research is needed to understand these potential differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cerebral regional and network abnormalities in HIV-infected with neurocognitive impairments: An fMRI study

Chen

Wei

Tao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Although the combination antiretroviral treatment (cART) has considerably lowered the risk of HIV associated dementia (HAD), the incidence of neurocognitive impairments(NCI) have not decreased likely due to the insidious and slow progressive nature of HIV infection. Recent studies show that the rest state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is a prominent technique in helping the non-invasive analysis of neucognitive impairment. Our study is to explore the neuroimaging characteristics among people living with HIV(PLW-HIV) with or without NCI in terms of cerebral regional and neural network by rs-fMRI, based on the hypothesis that HIV patients with and without NCI have independent brain imaging characteristics. 33 HIV subjects with NCI and 33 HIV subjects without NCI, classified into HIV-NCI group and HIV-control group respectively according to Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) results. The fraction amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (fALFF) and functional connectivity (FC) were calculated to characterize the cerebral regional and neural network alterations. Finally, the correlation among fALFF/FC values in certain cerebral regions and clinical characteristics were calculated. Compared to the HIV-control group, the fALFF values of bilateral calcarine gyrus, bilateral superior occipital gyrus, left middle occipital gyrus, left cuneus in the HIV-NCI group were increased. The FC values between right superior occipital gyrus and right olfactory cortex, bilateral gyrus rectus, right orbital part of middle frontal gyrus in the HIV-NCI group were increased. The FC values between left hippocampus and bilateral medial prefrontal gyrus, bilateral superior frontal gyrus were decreased. The fALFF values of left cuneus in both two groups was negatively correlated with international HIV dementia scale scores (IHDS) (R=-0.255, P=0.037) ; The fALFF values of left calcarine gyrus in both two groups was negatively correlated with MMSE scores (R=-0.316, P=0.009) ; The FC values between right superior occipital gyrus and right olfactory cortex (R=-0.396, P=0.001) in both two groups was negatively correlated with MMSE scores. Our study showed that the abnormal fMRI patterns in specific brain regions of the occipital cortex, while the defects in brain network mostly associated with prefrontal cortex, were associated with HIV-related cognitive impairment. The variation of fALFF and FC in given brain regions can be used to distinguish HIV subjects with and without cognitive impairment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral regional and network abnormalities in HIV-infected with neurocognitive impairments: An fMRI study

Chen

Wei

Tao

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The development of effective antiretroviral therapy has increased the life expectancy of people with HIV. 1,2 The progressive spread of HIV among older adults requires constant reassessment and research. However, limited investment in primary and secondary prevention in this age group in low-and middle-income countries, in conjunction with increased life expectancy and an active sex life, are contributing to this public health problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive impairment among older adults with HIV: a systematic review protocol of cohort studies

Mahmud,

Lerner,

Rodriguez

et al. 2023

Geriatr Gerontol Aging

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Objectives: This review will determine whether the incidence of cognitive impairment in HIV patients aged ≥ 50 years is greater than that of their HIV-negative peers. Methods: The MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science, and Scopus databases will be searched for studies with a sample of individuals aged ≥ 50 years or a mixed population with ≥ 50% aged ≥ 50 years). It will include studies that evaluate seropositive patients compared to and an unexposed control group. Study design: Cohort studies with follow-up ≥ 24 months will be included. Three reviewers will independently screen for eligibility criteria, extract data, and assess the risk of bias in the included studies, as well as evaluate the overall quality of evidence. A narrative synthesis will be prepared according to synthesis without meta-analysis guidelines. Expected results: We expect to find correlations between older age, HIV, and cognitive impairment. Relevance: The association of geriatric syndromes and HIV is becoming an important field of study. Increased life expectancy accompanied by an active sex life is contributing to this public health problem. This protocol is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols and is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022321914). This study was financed in part by the CAPES foundation (financial code: 001).

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“…Finally, people diagnosed with HAD have a performance of 2 SD below the mean in two cognitive domains and evident difficulty in the achievement of day-to-day activities [ 3 , 6 ]. HAND causes a spectrum of cognitive impairment, motor dysfunction, and behavioral and emotional disorders [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sirtuins Modulation: A Promising Strategy for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Impairments

Figarola-Centurión

Escoto-Delgadillo

González-Enríquez

et al. 2022

IJMS

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HIV-Associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is one of the major concerns since it persists in 40% of this population. Nowadays, HAND neuropathogenesis is considered to be caused by the infected cells that cross the brain–blood barrier and produce viral proteins that can be secreted and internalized into neurons leading to disruption of cellular processes. The evidence points to viral proteins such as Tat as the causal agent for neuronal alteration and thus HAND. The hallmarks in Tat-induced neurodegeneration are endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. Sirtuins (SIRTs) are NAD+-dependent deacetylases involved in mitochondria biogenesis, unfolded protein response, and intrinsic apoptosis pathway. Tat interaction with these deacetylases causes inhibition of SIRT1 and SIRT3. Studies revealed that SIRTs activation promotes neuroprotection in neurodegenerative diseases such Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, this review focuses on Tat-induced neurotoxicity mechanisms that involve SIRTs as key regulators and their modulation as a therapeutic strategy for tackling HAND and thereby improving the quality of life of people living with HIV.

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Neurocognitive Disorder and Emotional Symptoms in HIV+ Brazilian Elderly: Influence of Gender, Income, Diet, and Sleep

Cited by 4 publications

References 32 publications

Cerebral regional and network abnormalities in HIV-infected with neurocognitive impairments: An fMRI study

Cerebral regional and network abnormalities in HIV-infected with neurocognitive impairments: An fMRI study

Cognitive impairment among older adults with HIV: a systematic review protocol of cohort studies

Sirtuins Modulation: A Promising Strategy for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Impairments

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