Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in the Monitoring of Adult Traumatic Brain Injury: A Review

Abstract

Cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has long represented an exciting prospect for the noninvasive monitoring of cerebral tissue oxygenation and perfusion in the context of traumatic brain injury (TBI), although uncertainty still exists regarding the reliability of this technology specifically within this field. We have undertaken a review of the existing literature relating to the application of NIRS within TBI. We discuss current ''state-of-the-art'' NIRS monitoring, provide a brief background of the technology, and discuss the evidence regarding the ability of NIRS to substitute for established invasive monitoring in TBI.

Clinical application of near-infrared spectroscopy in patients with traumatic brain injury: a review of the progress of the field

“…As astutely discussed in a recent NIRS review, 30 despite a promising degree of agreement between cerebral autoregulation measures and NIRS measures, studies to date have yet to show independent outcome prediction from NIRS measures. Rather outcome prediction is implied from illustrating a high degree of correlation between NIRS measures and known outcome predictors obtained from invasive monitors.…”

Neuromarkerių S100b Ir Nse Reikšmė Vertinant Pacientų, Patyrusių Galvos Smegenų Traumą, Mirtingumo Ir Baigčių Prognozę

“…Siekiant šių tikslų, neurologinės būklės stebėsena tampa neatskiriama pacientų su GST gydymo dalis. Be to, dėl sveikatos sutrikimo baigties įvairovės, prognozė tampa neatsiejama pacientų, patyrusių GST, klinikinės priežiūros dalimi [4].…”

NIR light propagation in a digital head model for traumatic brain injury (TBI)

“…In both digital phantoms, the tissue optical properties for four selected wavelengths were defined according to Table 1. Wavelengths between 600 nm and 1000 nm are typical for NIRS instrumentation due to high scattering below 600 nm and high absorption above 1000 nm [15]. Absorption in the scalp and skull was not higher at 1050 nm than 950 nm, so it is more likely that fNIRS instrumentation operates at wavelengths shorter than 1000 nm because of the roll-off in quantum efficiency of silicon detectors at 1000 nm.…”

“…Patient recruitment for extensive controlled studies is difficult because TBI patients are injured away from the hospital, so it would be valuable for these studies to be conducted with a portable instrument. Also in 2014, Davies, et al, with the UK NIH specifically reviewed NIRS monitoring of adult TBI and concluded that NIRS has the potential for adding physiological insight in conjunction with accepted methods of neurological imaging, but current "state-of-the-art" NIRS technology cannot replace CT or invasive intra-cranial pressure monitoring [15]. Optical imaging offers advantages of simpler, non-ionizing instrumentation and can image physiology Functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a functional neuroimaging method that quantifies absolute or relative changes in tissue function, based on HbO 2 , Hb, H 2 O, lipids, or other chromophores.…”