Near infrared amplified spontaneous emission in a dye-doped polymeric waveguide for active plasmonic applications

Keshmarzi, Elham Karami; Tait, R. Niall; Berini, Pierre

doi:10.1364/oe.22.012452

Cited by 17 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Previously, dye-doped PMMA films with dye molecular weight (m.w.) ratios of 0.4%, 0.8%, 1.2% and 1.6% were fabricated and tested, and it was found that the 0.8% concentration film produced the highest material gain among this set [11]. Therefore, here we limit our concentrations to near 0.8% in order to determine an optimum.…”

Section: Slab Waveguide Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This paper builds on our previous work [11], investigating the potential and properties of IR-140 dye as an active dopant in PMMA (Poly(methyl methacrylate)) for LRSPP amplifiers and lasers. We give passive n and k measurements for some concentration ratios of IR-140 obtained using ellipsometry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…A previous study integrated IR-140 in a PMMA polymer matrix to study ASE, reporting a material gain of 6.6 cm −1 at an emission wavelength varying from 920 to 970 nm [10]. Recently we investigated the effects of dye concentration and pump energy density on the gain obtained from IR-140 dye-doped PMMA films used as slab waveguides [11], and found a good molecular weight (m.w.) ratio of 0.8%, producing a maximum ASE gain of 68 cm −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gain optimization, bleaching, and e-beam structuring of IR-140 doped PMMA and integration with plasmonic waveguides

Amyot-Bourgeois

Keshmarzi

Hahn

et al. 2017

Opt. Mater. Express

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The optimal IR-140 weight ratio concentration producing maximum gain in amplified spontaneous emission measurements in the near-infrared (~880 nm) is determined. The structures investigated consist of PMMA polymer thin films, doped with IR-140 dye molecules in 4 different concentrations (0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9% and 1.0%), spin-coated on a silica layer grown on silicon wafers. The maximum material gain was obtained for the 0.9% weight ratio sample. The polarization dependence of the gain medium was also investigated, and the gain found to be similar in the TE and TM orientations. Bleaching of the gain medium, characterized by a decrease in the material gain due to pumping, was also explored and found to be rapid for thin films. However, bleaching is reduced as the pump energy density is reduced, creating a trade-off between gain and film longevity. The bleaching disappears at a low pump repetition rate. The gain films were structured via e-beam lithography to demonstrate the feasibility of this method for integration of structured doped polymers within optical devices. Amplification of the long-range surface plasmon guided by a gold stripe covered by the gain medium is also demonstrated and the modal gain measured was measured (~65 cm −1) from which the material gain was deduced (~300 cm −1). The material should prove useful for demonstrating device ideas and concepts in plasmonics and nano-photonics.

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Section: Slab Waveguide Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Gain optimization, bleaching, and e-beam structuring of IR-140 doped PMMA and integration with plasmonic waveguides

Amyot-Bourgeois

Keshmarzi

Hahn

et al. 2017

Opt. Mater. Express

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“…The PMMA is doped with laser dye molecules IR-140 with a peak emission wavelength of 880 nm. The material gain of this medium was measured to be about 68 cm -1 when it is optically pumped from the top with 500 MW/cm 2 laser pulses at 810 nm [16]. As sketched in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parity-time symmetry-broken Bragg grating operating with long-range surface plasmon polaritons

2016

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A parity-time symmetry-broken Bragg grating concept, comprising step-in-width IR-140 doped PMMA stripes covering step-in-width Au stripes on a fused silica substrate and operating with long-range surface plasmon polaritons, is reported. The design methodology is outlined, structures are modelled using a combination of modal analysis and the transfer matrix method, and reflectance and transmittance responses are computed. The design robustness with respect to deviations in the dimensions due to fabrication error is also investigated. The structure is capable of producing a reflectance contrast ratio of 1 over optical bandwidths of 879.96-880.04 nm.

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“…Organic gain media are greatly attractive for their large transition cross section and wide chemical tunability and new organic lasers have been developed with great potential in integrated optics applications [93]. The gain behaviour of optically-pumped, solid-state IR-140 doped PMMA was experimentally characterized for applications in active LRSPP structures [94]. Thin, IR-140 doped PMMA films were created on SiO2 substrate by spin coating and curing and cleaving the sample's to produce a good quality optical facet.…”

Section: Gain Characterization Of Ir-140 Doped Pmma Slab Waveguides 3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Range Surface Plasmon Polariton Active Structures Based on Optically-Pumped Dye-Doped Polymer Gain Media

Karami-Keshmarzi¹

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Solid state organic gain medium using optically-pumped dye molecules doped in a polymer host is considered as the top cladding of a long-range surface plasmon polariton (LRSPP) structure to enable active plasmonic devices with interesting applications operating in the nearinfrared.The gain media is a thin film of PMMA (poly (methyl methacrylate)) doped with ~ 0.9 wt% organic dye molecules of IR-140 and is pump optically using 8 nsec laser pulses at 810 nm to enable stimulated emission by excited dye molecules to the LRSPP mode at ~ 880 nm.The gain media was modeled through rate equations for a four-level energy system, relating the small signal gain coefficient to the dye photo-physical parameters, dye concentration and pump irradiance. Distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) and distributed feedback (DFB) lasers were proposed using Bragg reflectors based on modulation of the metal stripe width, forming a stepped-in-width Bragg grating in the LRSPP waveguide. Single mode surface plasmon DFB and DBR lasers were designed at 882 nm, by applying coupled-mode theory and transfer matrix method (TMM).The IR-140 doped PMMA gain medium was experimentally characterized. The maximum available material gain was identified for various pump intensities and two possible pump polarization in the gain media using the variable stripe length (VSL) method. The maximum available material gain agreed well with the theoretical gain modeling performed previously. The DFB lasers and passive Bragg gratings were fabricated in the microfabrication laboratories at Center for Research in Photonics in University of Ottawa. Main fabrication processes included electron beam lithography to create stepped-in-width Bragg grating patterns with sharp corners and edges, with features as small as 150 nm. Passive Bragg gratings were successfully characterized by my colleague showing a clear dip in the transmittance spectra (~ 40%) at the designed Bragg wavelength 882 nm. DFB lasers were characterized and successfully demonstrated a highly narrowed (FWHM ~ 0.2 nm) single mode lasing peak at 882 nm. The mode profile from the DFBs' output facet was captured by an infrared camera showing a tiny bright spot surrounded with dim spontaneous emission.Single-mode distributed feedback lasers are realized in the near infrared as a two-dimensional, non-uniform long-range surface plasmon polariton structure supporting a transverse magnetic polarized surface wave. The surface plasmon structure consists of a 20 nm-thick, 1 μm-wide metal stripe (Ag or Au) on a silica substrate, where the stripe is stepped in width periodically, forming a 1 st order Bragg grating. Optical gain is provided by optically pumping a 450 nm-thick IR-140 doped PMMA layer as the top cladding, which covers the entire length of the Bragg grating, thus creating a distributed feedback laser. The design, fabrication and experimental results are presented. These lasers are suitable as a highly coherent single-mode source of surface plasmons, or for integration with other surface plasmon elements of similar...

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Near infrared amplified spontaneous emission in a dye-doped polymeric waveguide for active plasmonic applications

Cited by 17 publications

References 23 publications

Gain optimization, bleaching, and e-beam structuring of IR-140 doped PMMA and integration with plasmonic waveguides

Gain optimization, bleaching, and e-beam structuring of IR-140 doped PMMA and integration with plasmonic waveguides

Parity-time symmetry-broken Bragg grating operating with long-range surface plasmon polaritons

Long-Range Surface Plasmon Polariton Active Structures Based on Optically-Pumped Dye-Doped Polymer Gain Media

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