“…The present debate concerning behavioural differences between Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans is based on their capacity to exploit a territory in an organised and planned manner (David and Enloe, 1993;Gamble, 1998;Texier et al, 1998Texier et al, , 2005Kolen, 1999;Roebroeks and Tuffreau, 1999;Gaudzinski, 2000a,b;Conard and Prindiville, 2000;Armand et al, 2001;Grayson and Delpech, 2002;Costamagno et al, 2006;Burke, 2004Burke, , 2006Rendu, 2007). Did these two human groups adopt different strategies in their modes of territorial organisation, i.e.…”