Paleoethology as a tool for the development of archaeological models of land-use: the Crimean Middle Palaeolithic

Burke, Ariane; Ebert, David Daniel; Cardille, Jeffrey A.; Dauth, D.

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2007.06.014

Cited by 19 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…The fact that remains of Equus hydruntinus outnumber those of Equus ferus latipes are also in accordance with the dry character of the plateau. The plateau seems to have been visited only occasionally by Equus ferus latipes, whilst it can be hypothesised that it was part of the home range of bachelor groups of Equus hydruntinus (Burke et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equids from Emine-Bair-Khosar Cave (Crimea, Ukraine): co-occurrence of the stenonid Equus hydruntinus and the caballoid E. ferus latipes based on skull and postcranial

Asperen

Stefaniak

Proskurnyak

et al. 2012

Palaeontologia Electronica

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2012. Equids from Emine-Bair-Khosar Cave (Crimea, Ukraine): co-occurrence of the stenonid Equus hydruntinus and the caballoid E. ferus latipes based on skull and postcranial remains. Palaeontologia Electronica Vol. 15, Issue 1; 5A,28p; palaeo-electronica.org/content/2012-issue-1-articles/124-equids-from-emine-bair-khosar Equids from Emine-Bair-Khosar Cave (Crimea, Ukraine): co-occurrence of the stenonid Equus hydruntinus and the caballoid E. ferus latipes based on skull and postcranial remains ABSTRACT The Late Pleistocene faunal assemblages excavated from the cave Emine-Bair-Khosar in the Chatyrdag Massif in the Crimean Mountains, Ukraine, contain about 250 equid remains. Detailed morphological analyses reveal the occurrence of the small, stenonid species Equus hydruntinus alongside a large, caballoid species identified as Equus ferus latipes.The presence in the assemblage of two extremely well-preserved skulls of Equus hydruntinus is highly significant and contributes much to our knowledge of this enigmatic Pleistocene species. These skulls, as well as a skull of Equus ferus latipes, are here described and compared to skulls of closely related species. The E. hydruntinus skulls stand out amongst related equids by their short muzzles, an adaptation to cold climatic conditions. Complete postcranial bones are also frequent in the sample for both species, with relatively robust longbones for Equus hydruntinus similar to those of other Late Pleistocene E. hydruntinus samples. The presence of a long-limbed form of Equus ferus latipes indicates that the environmental conditions under which the assemblage accumulated were relatively cool but favourable for equids. The relative abundances of the two species in the assemblage are in accordance with land use patterns documented for extant relatives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Equids from Emine-Bair-Khosar Cave (Crimea, Ukraine): co-occurrence of the stenonid Equus hydruntinus and the caballoid E. ferus latipes based on skull and postcranial

Asperen

Stefaniak

Proskurnyak

et al. 2012

Palaeontologia Electronica

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“…Geospatial data analysis in archaeology has been approached by some researchers (Burke et al 2008;Meghan and Howey 2011), but up to now only few examples deal with the application of geostatistics to image processing for archaeological investigations (Lasaponara and Masini 2010).…”

Section: Remote Sensing and Geospatial Data Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite Remote Sensing

Lasaponara¹,

Masini²

2012

Remote Sensing and Digital Image Processing

116

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Library of Congress Control Number: 2011946224# Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work.Cover illustration: "with courtesy of Rio Nasca (Peru): discovery of a buried settlement with pyramid discovered by the processing of QuickBird-2 imagery"Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com) ForewordIn 2008 I was asked by Rosa Lasaponara and Nicola Masini whether the European Space Agency could support a workshop on the use of remote sensing for archaeology. We decided to do that and this gave a platform to sum up the state of the art in this area. Meanwhile the area has developed and it was time to produce a book which introduces the new methods to a broader community.Nowadays the quantity and quality of information about the surface of the Earth obtained remotely is increasing at an ever faster rate. In the beginning of the twentieth century, photos were taken from hot air balloons. In the 1970s, multispectral sensors were put into orbit, followed by spaceborne imaging radar (SAR) and airborne LIDAR. In the last decades we have seen remote sensing technology pushing the boundaries of all fronts. Instruments are acquiring data at higher spatial resolution, broader spectral ranges, more radar frequency bands and wave polarisations. Processing techniques are constantly evolving with increasing computing power.Technological developments in satellite remote sensing have rarely been driven by archaeologists. The instruments they use on the ground for their field surveys, such as magnetometers and ground penetrating radars, were initially developed for geological and civil engineering purposes. In a similar way, the science of remote sensing has largely been shaped by other disciplines. However, the benefits of satellite remote sensing to archaeologists have been quickly recognised. Remote sensing is now an essential tool for a range of different archaeological domains.The creativity of archaeologists worldwide in using remote sensing for subsurface archaeological feature detection and analysis of the palaeo-environment has been demonstrated in many cases. Crop and soil marks have been identified on air photos, and shadow effects on oblique photos highlight topographical effects potentially caused by buried structures. LIDAR provides evidence of subsurface structures hidden under the forest canopy, by mapping subtle changes in relief at very high resolution. The sensitivity of near infrared radiation to vegetation has greatly enhanced the ability to identify crop marks. SAR images have led to the discovery of ancient roads leading to lost cities through the analysis of...

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“…The series are limited in number but sufficient to compare the technological processes between localities and to discuss possible connections between sites. The geochronological and palaeo-environmental framework available for Central Italy permits then to discuss the hypothesis of networks of sites and investigate a possible early cyclic process of regionalization during prehistoric times, much earlier than those highlighted for late Neanderthals during MIS 4-3 (i.e., Burke et al, 2008;Deaujard and Moncel, 2010;Faivre et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergence of regional cultural traditions during the Lower Palaeolithic: the case of Frosinone-Ceprano basin (Central Italy) at the MIS 11–10 transition

Moncel

Biddittu²,

Manzi³

et al. 2020

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

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Decades of fieldwork in the Frosinone-Ceprano basin (Latin Valley, Latium, central Italy) have shed light on numerous open-air Lower Palaeolithic localities, delivering a human fossil calvarium, thousands of scattered faunal remains and a large collection of lithic industries, including core-andflake type lithic series (Mode 1) and Acheulean assemblages (Mode 2). The continuously growing number of available geochronological data (obtained by 40 Ar/ 39 Ar on volcanic minerals, ESR/U-series on large mammal teeth and ESR on bleached fluvial quartz) allow today the construction of a reliable and precise chronological framework for the Lower Palaeolithic sites of this area of the Latin valley. The archaeological horizons with bifaces all appear to belong to a relatively short Middle Pleistocene time range, between about 410 and 350 ka, coeval to the end of the interglacial MIS 11 and to the beginning of the following glacial MIS 10. The Acheulean tools are often associated with cores and flakes. Bifaces are mainly made on limestone, secondary flint and quartz. The archaeological corpus also yielded tools on fragments of large herbivore bones. Comparisons between technological strategies and paleo-anthropological data at the global scale are now meaningful and enable us to decipher hominin behaviour at a more regional scale. Such careful work is becoming essential in the frame of the recent discoveries showing that the MIS 11-10 period was a pivotal period characterized by the appearance of several new archaeological features later associated with the Neanderthal lineage in Western Europe. We present here the first in-depth technological study of the Acheulean lithic corpus from the major archaeological sites from the Frosinone-Ceprano basin including the Campogrande localities (CG9 and CG10, intermediate and upper levels), Colle Avarone, Selvotta, Isoletta (level 4), Lademagne (upper and lower levels) and Masseria Castellone. 2 For this work, we focus on biface shaping strategies and demonstrate technological features suggesting the existence of networks connecting the different human occupation sites. Technological data are compared to other penecontemporaneous Italian sites to discuss the hypotheses and characteristics of such early evidence of regionalization in Europe in this specific area of Central Italy. It seems indicate that glacial conditions characterized by millennial rapid climatic oscillations could have been favourable to the development of specific vegetation propitious to human settlement in South-western Europe. European vegetation, as it drives the biomass availability for large herbivores, seems hence have played crucial role in the mobility and settlement of human groups.

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Paleoethology as a tool for the development of archaeological models of land-use: the Crimean Middle Palaeolithic

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Equids from Emine-Bair-Khosar Cave (Crimea, Ukraine): co-occurrence of the stenonid Equus hydruntinus and the caballoid E. ferus latipes based on skull and postcranial

Equids from Emine-Bair-Khosar Cave (Crimea, Ukraine): co-occurrence of the stenonid Equus hydruntinus and the caballoid E. ferus latipes based on skull and postcranial

Satellite Remote Sensing

Emergence of regional cultural traditions during the Lower Palaeolithic: the case of Frosinone-Ceprano basin (Central Italy) at the MIS 11–10 transition

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