Naturally occurring monoterpenoids in needles of Picea abies (L.) Karst

Schönwitz, Roswitha; Merk, Ludwig; Ziegler, H.

doi:10.1007/bf00203576

Cited by 25 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The relatively small increase in terpene accumulation in needles was not accompanied by any significant changes in terpene composition, unlike in stems. The major needle monoterpenes detected in this study were similar to those previously reported for Norway spruce (Schö nwitz et al, 1987;Persson et al, 1993Persson et al, , 1996Paule and Yazdani, 1992;Holubova et al, 2000) and correspond to compositional type 1b (high limonene, low myrcene, and high bornyl acetate) as described by Schö nwitz et al (1990a). The elevated levels of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes after MeJA spraying peaked 15 d after treatment but declined to control levels rapidly after that, probably as a result of volatilization or catabolism.…”

Section: Induced Terpene Accumulation In Needles Is Much Lower Than Isupporting

confidence: 88%

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Induction of Volatile Terpene Biosynthesis and Diurnal Emission by Methyl Jasmonate in Foliage of Norway Spruce

2003

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Terpenoids are characteristic constitutive and inducible defense chemicals of conifers. The biochemical regulation of terpene formation, accumulation, and release from conifer needles was studied in Norway spruce [Picea abies L. (Karst)] saplings using methyl jasmonate (MeJA) to induce defensive responses without inflicting physical damage to terpene storage structures. MeJA treatment caused a 2-fold increase in monoterpene and sesquiterpene accumulation in needles without changes in terpene composition, much less than the 10- and 40-fold increases in monoterpenes and diterpenes, respectively, observed in wood tissue after MeJA treatment (D. Martin, D. Tholl, J. Gershenzon, J. Bohlmann [2002] Plant Physiol 129: 1003–1018). At the same time, MeJA triggered a 5-fold increase in total terpene emission from foliage, with a shift in composition to a blend dominated by oxygenated monoterpenes (e.g. linalool) and sesquiterpenes [e.g. (E)-β-farnesene] that also included methyl salicylate. The rate of linalool emission increased more than 100-fold and that of sesquiterpenes increased more than 30-fold. Emission of these compounds followed a pronounced diurnal rhythm with the maximum amount released during the light period. The major MeJA-induced volatile terpenes appear to be synthesized de novo after treatment, rather than being released from stored terpene pools, because they are almost completely absent from needle oleoresin and are the major products of terpene synthase activity measured after MeJA treatment. Based on precedents in other species, the induced emission of terpenes from Norway spruce foliage may have ecological and physiological significance.

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Section: Induced Terpene Accumulation In Needles Is Much Lower Than Isupporting

confidence: 88%

“…In Norway spruce and other conifers, terpenes are accumulated not only in stems but also in needles (Schö nwitz et al, 1987;Schö nwitz et al, 1990a;Persson et al, 1996). However, much less is known about the biochemical regulation of terpene formation and accumulation in conifer needles.…”

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confidence: 99%

Induction of Volatile Terpene Biosynthesis and Diurnal Emission by Methyl Jasmonate in Foliage of Norway Spruce

2003

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“…Extraction of diterpenoid resin acids from plant tissues is generally achieved using relatively polar solvent mixtures (e.g. CHC1,-MeOH), whereas the isolation of monoterpenes is achieved by steam distillation or extraction with relatively non-polar solvents such as pentane or diethyl ether (Schonwitz et al, 1987;Muzika et al, 1990). Because methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) has been shown to be an excellent solvent for the extraction of resin acids from paper mill waste ( Voss and Rapsomatiotis, 1985), we tested this solvent for the simultaneous extraction of both diterpenoid resin acids and monoterpene olefins from fresh lodgepole pine stems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous analysis of monoterpenes and diterpenoids of conifer oleoresin

Lewinsohn

Savage

Gijzen

et al. 1993

Phytochemical Analysis

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A simple and rapid procedure for the simultaneous determination of monoterpenes and diterpenoid resin acids of conifer stem oleoresin is described; it involves tissue extraction with methyl fert-butyl ether and methylation of the resin acids with CHzNz. The resin acid methyl esters and the monoterpenes are then analysed in a single gas chromatographic step. Enantiomer composition of the major monoterpene constituents is determined, after preliminary purification by thin layer chromatography, by capillary gas chromatography on a cyclodextrin column. The method is applicable to conifer species of high resin content (lodgepole pine) and low resin content (grand fir).

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“…To properly model the real response, the pool size and the rate of the replenishment of the pools must in principle be known. However, the pool size can generally be assumed to be infinite, because theoretically, the pool capacity is high enough to sustain a constant emission of 1 µg h −1 g −1 dw over 1500 h at 30 • C based on a MT content of about 900 µg g −1 needle fresh weight of Picea abies (Schönwitz et al, 1987) assuming a needle water content of 50 % (Schmidt, 1953).…”

Section: Environmental Correction Factors γmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive emission inventory of biogenic volatile organic compounds in Europe: improved seasonality and land-cover

et al. 2013

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Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) emitted from vegetation are important for the formation of secondary pollutants such as ozone and secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in the atmosphere. Therefore, BVOC emission are an important input for air quality models. To model these emissions with high spatial resolution, the accuracy of the underlying vegetation inventory is crucial. We present a BVOC emission model that accommodates different vegetation inventories and uses satellite-based measurements of greenness instead of pre-defined vegetation periods. This approach to seasonality implicitly treats effects caused by water or nutrient availability, altitude and latitude on a plant stand. Additionally, we test the influence of proposed seasonal variability in enzyme activity on BVOC emissions. In its present setup, the emission model calculates hourly emissions of isoprene, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and the oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOC) methanol, formaldehyde, formic acid, ethanol, acetaldehyde, acetone and acetic acid. In this study, emissions based on three different vegetation inventories are compared with each other and diurnal and seasonal variations in Europe are investigated for the year 2006. Two of these vegetation inventories require information on tree-cover as an input. We compare three different land-cover inventories (USGS GLCC, GLC2000 and Globcover 2.2) with respect to tree-cover. The often-used USGS GLCC land-cover inventory leads to a severe reduction of BVOC emissions due to a potential miss-attribution of broad-leaved trees and reduced tree-cover compared to the two other land-cover inventories. To account for uncertainties in the land-cover classification, we introduce land-cover correction factors for each relevant land-use category to adjust the tree-cover. The results are very sensitive to these factors within the plausible range. For June 2006, total monthly BVOC emissions decreased up to −27% with minimal and increased up to +71% with maximal factors, while in January 2006, the changes in monthly BVOC emissions were −54 and +56% with minimal and maximal factors, respectively. The new seasonality approach leads to a reduction in the annual emissions compared with non-adjusted data. The strongest reduction occurs in OVOC (up to −32%), the weakest in isoprene (as little as −19%). If also enzyme seasonality is taken into account, however, isoprene reacts with the steepest decrease of annual emissions, which are reduced by −44% to −49%, annual emissions of monoterpenes reduce between −30 and −35%. The sensitivity of the model to changes in temperature depends on the climatic zone but not on the vegetation inventory. The sensitivity is higher for temperature increases of 3 K (+31% to +64%) than decreases by the same amount (−20 to −35%). The climatic zones "Cold except summer" and "arid" are most sensitive to temperature changes in January for isoprene and monoterpenes, respectively, while in June, "polar" is most sensitive to temperature for both isoprene and monoterpenes. ...

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Naturally occurring monoterpenoids in needles of Picea abies (L.) Karst

Cited by 25 publications

References 14 publications

Induction of Volatile Terpene Biosynthesis and Diurnal Emission by Methyl Jasmonate in Foliage of Norway Spruce

Induction of Volatile Terpene Biosynthesis and Diurnal Emission by Methyl Jasmonate in Foliage of Norway Spruce

Simultaneous analysis of monoterpenes and diterpenoids of conifer oleoresin

A comprehensive emission inventory of biogenic volatile organic compounds in Europe: improved seasonality and land-cover

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