Natural Phytochemicals in Bladder Cancer Prevention and Therapy

Abstract

Phytochemicals are natural small-molecule compounds derived from plants that have attracted attention for their anticancer activities. Some phytochemicals have been developed as first-line anticancer drugs, such as paclitaxel and vincristine. In addition, several phytochemicals show good tumor suppression functions in various cancer types. Bladder cancer is a malignant tumor of the urinary system. To date, few specific phytochemicals have been used for bladder cancer therapy, although many have been studied in bladder cancer cells and mouse models. Therefore, it is important to collate and summarize the available information on the role of phytochemicals in the prevention and treatment of bladder cancer. In this review, we summarize the effects of several phytochemicals including flavonoids, steroids, nitrogen compounds, and aromatic substances with anticancer properties and classify the mechanism of action of phytochemicals in bladder cancer. This review will contribute to facilitating the development of new anticancer drugs and strategies for the treatment of bladder cancer using phytochemicals.

Lemongrass Essential Oil Components with Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities

“…Furthermore, other studies showed the anticancer effect of LEO, while anticancer activity could not be attributed to its single constituents [ 158 , 159 ]. The anticancer activities of plant essential oils have been usually used as a paragon to compare essential oils from different sources.…”

Properties of flavonoids in the treatment of bladder cancer (Review)

“…BLCA can be divided into muscle-invasive BLCA (MIBC) and non-muscle invasive BLCA (NMIBC). However, given the high mortality and progression of MIBC and the high recurrence rate of NMIBC, bladder cancer remains a difficult problem worldwide (3,4). The value of bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) against immunotherapy in NMIBC is widely recognized.…”

Induction of apoptosis through inactivation of ROS-dependent PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by platycodin D in human bladder urothelial carcinoma cells

“…Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover new agents that are effective and safe with fewer side effects that can selectively suppress the growth of bladder cancer cells. In this respect, natural phytochemicals are coming into the spotlight due to their low cost, low toxicity, and low hostility in bladder cancer prevention and therapy (Xia et al 2021). Recently, several medical plants and phytochemicals, including Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Daphne genkwa, Tripterygium wilfordii, and flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids and quinone compounds from these natural plants have been reported to have anti-bladder cancer effect through apoptosis inducing (Jo et al 2020;Xia et al 2021).…”

“…In this respect, natural phytochemicals are coming into the spotlight due to their low cost, low toxicity, and low hostility in bladder cancer prevention and therapy (Xia et al 2021). Recently, several medical plants and phytochemicals, including Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Daphne genkwa, Tripterygium wilfordii, and flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids and quinone compounds from these natural plants have been reported to have anti-bladder cancer effect through apoptosis inducing (Jo et al 2020;Xia et al 2021). Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, is a precisely and essential regulated mechanism for regulating cell and tissue homeostasis and organism function in eukaryotic cells.…”

“…Therefore, inducing apoptosis of cancer cells in all types of cancer treatment, including bladder cancer, is recognized as the most representative strategy. Actually, some phytochemicals have been developed as first-line anticancer drugs, such as paclitaxel and vincristine, and have acceptable clinical evidence that supports their anticancer efficacy by promoting cell apoptosis and reducing cell proliferation (Khan et al 2020;Xia et al 2021).…”