NATURAL INCIDENCE OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS Nomuraea rileyi ON Spodoptera frugiperda INFESTING CORN IN BENGKULU

Abstract

Natural incidence of entomopathogenic fungus Nomuraea rileyi on Spodoptera frugiperda infesting corn in Bengkulu. Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a new invasive pest in corn. The intensive use of synthetic insecticides for pest control causing various problems such as resistance, pest resurgence, and environmental damage. To solve these problems, entomopathogenic fungi could be used as an alternative in pest management. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the natural incidence of Nomuraea rileyi (Farlow) Samson (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) entomopathogenic fungus on S. frugiperda in Bengkulu. The research was carried out by exploring the corn producing areas in Bengkulu for N. rileyi incidence. The results showed that the N. rileyi was occurred naturally infected S. frugiperda larvae reached 79.0%. Meanwhile, the percentage of crops damage due to S. frugiperda was ranged from 40.0 to 96.0%. The highest natural incidence of N. rileyi were found in the Village of Bukit Barisan and Tugu Rejo (79.0%), followed by Pulo Geto Baru (25.0%), and Taba Mulan (5.3%) while the lowest incidence was in Sidomulyo (1.0%). The infected larvae were not found in the Napal, Beringin Raya 1, and Beringin Raya 2, despite the percentage of S. frugiperda attacks was reached 50.0; 50.0 and 74.0%, respectively.

Invasiveness, biology, ecology, and management of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda

“…Natural infection of up to 24% with EPFs has been widely reported on FAW in its native region (Guo et al 2020). Natural epizootics have also been reported in the invaded regions of Kenya (Gichuhi et al 2020), India (Firake & Behere 2020a;Shylesha et al 2018;Mallapur et al 2018) and Indonesia (Ginting et al 2020a) with up to 79% infection. Most epizootics in all continents are due to Metarhizium rileyi, with, in the Americas, occasional reports of Entomophthora sphaerosperma Fresenius, Entomophaga aulicae (E. Reichardt), Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.)…”

Comparison of Spodoptera frugiperda parasitoid performance under laboratory conditions

“…Additionally, it was noted that when the number of provided hosts increased, the parasitism rate of Diaphania indica larvae by Apanteles taragamae did as well [29]. In addition to parasitoid conditions, external factors such as temperature and humidity can also affect the performance of parasitoids (17,30). Ecosystem environmental conditions can also affect parasitoids' performance [31].…”

REPELLENCY OF CELERY ESSENTIAL OILS (Apium graveolens L.) AGAINST Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) IN THE LABORATORY

“…S. frugiperda was first reported in West Sumatra on March 2019 (FAO, 2019). Subsequently, it was reported in Bengkulu, Lampung and West Java (Ginting et al, 2020;Trisyono et al, 2019;Maharani et al, 2019). The damage caused by this pest could reached 100% in young maize plant (Trisyono et al, 2019).…”