National job-exposure matrix in analyses of census-based estimates of occupational cancer risk

Pukkala, Eero; Guo, Johannes; Kyyrönen, Pentti; Lindbohm, Marja-Liisa; Sallmén, Markku; Kauppinen, Timo

doi:10.5271/sjweh.856

Cited by 68 publications

(68 citation statements)

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“…More specific estimates of the population attributable fraction related to specific agents and work processes can be determined. A newly published study (Pukkala et al, 2005) has indicated that this 'all-population' register replicates dose-response risk estimates derived from specific smaller studies.…”

Section: Cancer Risk Attributable To Occupation In Finlandmentioning

confidence: 81%

Occupation and cancer in Britain

et al. 2010

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Background: Prioritising control measures for occupationally related cancers should be evidence based. We estimated the current burden of cancer in Britain attributable to past occupational exposures for International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) group 1 (established) and 2A (probable) carcinogens. Methods: We calculated attributable fractions and numbers for cancer mortality and incidence using risk estimates from the literature and national data sources to estimate proportions exposed. Results: 5.3% (8019) cancer deaths were attributable to occupation in 2005 (men, 8.2% (6362); women, 2.3% (1657)). Attributable incidence estimates are 13 679 (4.0%) cancer registrations (men, 10 063 (5.7%); women, 3616 (2.2%)). Occupational attributable fractions are over 2% for mesothelioma, sinonasal, lung, nasopharynx, breast, non-melanoma skin cancer, bladder, oesophagus, soft tissue sarcoma, larynx and stomach cancers. Asbestos, shift work, mineral oils, solar radiation, silica, diesel engine exhaust, coal tars and pitches, occupation as a painter or welder, dioxins, environmental tobacco smoke, radon, tetrachloroethylene, arsenic and strong inorganic mists each contribute 100 or more registrations. Industries and occupations with high cancer registrations include construction, metal working, personal and household services, mining, land transport, printing/publishing, retail/hotels/restaurants, public administration/defence, farming and several manufacturing sectors. 56% of cancer registrations in men are attributable to work in the construction industry (mainly mesotheliomas, lung, stomach, bladder and non-melanoma skin cancers) and 54% of cancer registrations in women are attributable to shift work (breast cancer). Conclusion: This project is the first to quantify in detail the burden of cancer and mortality due to occupation specifically for Britain. It highlights the impact of occupational exposures, together with the occupational circumstances and industrial areas where exposures to carcinogenic agents occurred in the past, on population cancer morbidity and mortality; this can be compared with the impact of other causes of cancer. Risk reduction strategies should focus on those workplaces where such exposures are still occurring.

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Section: Cancer Risk Attributable To Occupation In Finlandmentioning

confidence: 81%

Occupation and cancer in Britain

et al. 2010

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“…These percentages had decreased to 34% and 49%, respectively in 1978 [172], and to 33% and 44% in 1990 [172]. Occupation-specific rates of current smokers based on surveys of health habits of the Finnish adult population in 1978Á1991 have been created as part of FINJEM [173]. The prevalence in males varies from 9% among architects, and 13% among primary school teachers and clergy to 56% among cooks and building hands, 58% among dockers, 59% among miners and 62% among service station attendants.…”

Section: General Lifestyle Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Finland, the highest indices for alcohol-related utilisation of health care resources in the early 1970s were obtained among labourers, painters, seamen, construction workers, forestry workers, artists and journalists [178]. FINJEM includes estimates of average alcohol consumption in each occupation based on surveys of health habits of the Finnish adult population 1978Á1991 [173]. In males, the consumption was lowest among clergymen (10 g of alcohol per week, agricultural workers (36 g) and bench carpenters (39 g).…”

Section: General Lifestyle Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Occupation and cancer – follow-up of 15 million people in five Nordic countries

et al. 2009

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We present up to 45 years of cancer incidence data by occupational category for the Nordic populations. The study covers the 15 million people aged 30Á64 years in the 1960, 1970, 1980/1981 and/or 1990 censuses in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden, and the 2.8 million incident cancer cases diagnosed in these people in a follow-up until about 2005. The study was undertaken as a cohort study with linkage of individual records based on the personal identity codes used in all the Nordic countries.In the censuses, information on occupation for each person was provided through free text in self-administered questionnaires. The data were centrally coded and computerised in the statistical offices. For the present study, the original occupational codes were reclassified into 53 occupational categories and one group of economically inactive persons.All Nordic countries have a nation-wide registration of incident cancer cases during the entire study period. For the present study the incident cancer cases were classified into 49 primary diagnostic categories. Some categories have been further divided according to sub-site or morphological type. The observed number of cancer cases in each group of persons defined by country, sex, age, period and occupation was compared with the expected number calculated from the stratum specific person years and the incidence rates for the national population. The result was presented as a standardised incidence ratio, SIR, defined as the observed number of cases divided by the expected number. For all cancers combined (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer), the study showed a wide variation among men from an SIR of 0.79 (95% confidence interval 0.66Á0.95) in domestic assistants to 1.48 (1.43Á1.54) in waiters. The occupations with the highest SIRs also included workers producing beverage and tobacco, seamen and chimney sweeps. Among women, the SIRs varied from 0.58 (0.37Á0.87) in seafarers to 1.27 (1.19Á1.35) in tobacco workers. Low SIRs were found for farmers, gardeners and teachers.Our study was able to repeat most of the confirmed associations between occupations and cancers. It is known that almost all mesotheliomas are associated with asbestos exposure. Accordingly, plumbers, seamen and mechanics were the occupations with the highest risk in the present study. Mesothelioma was the cancer type showing the largest relative differences between the occupations. Outdoor workers such as fishermen, gardeners and farmers had the highest risk of lip cancer, while the lowest risk was found among indoor workers such as physicians and artistic workers.Studies of nasal cancer have shown increased risks associated with exposure to wood dust, both for those in furniture making and for those exposed exclusively to soft wood like the majority of Nordic woodworkers. We observed an SIR of 1.84 (1.66Á2.04) in male and 1.88 (0.90Á3.46) in female woodworkers. For nasal adenocarcinoma, the SIR in males was as high as 5.50 (4.60Á6.56).Male waiters and tobacco workers had the highest risk of ...

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“…Limited indirect evidence of the validity of the base JEM (FINJEM) exists. When applied to Finnish census-based cancer data, FIN-JEM was able to replicate the established connection and exposure-response relationship between occupational exposure to silica dust and lung cancer [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%