Nasca classification of hemivertebra in five dogs

Beşaltı, Ömer; Özak, Ahmet; Pekcan, Zeynep; Eminaga, Salih

doi:10.1186/2046-0481-58-12-688

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…for congenital kyphosis and kyphoscoliosis. One previous canine study used the Nasca classification system in five clinical cases and one canine abstract classified wedging of the vertebral body as unilateral, dorsal, and ventral . To the authors’ knowledge, no study has evaluated the McMaster radiographic classification scheme for use in brachycephalic “screw‐tailed” dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Proposed Radiographic Classification Scheme for Congenital Thoracic Vertebral Malformations in Brachycephalic “Screw‐tailed” Dog Breeds

Gutierrez‐Quintana

Guevar

Stalin

et al. 2014

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

107

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Congenital vertebral malformations are common in brachycephalic "screw-tailed" dog breeds such as French bulldogs, English bulldogs, Boston terriers, and pugs. The aim of this retrospective study was to determine whether a radiographic classification scheme developed for use in humans would be feasible for use in these dog breeds. Inclusion criteria were hospital admission between September 2009 and April 2013, neurologic examination findings available, diagnostic quality lateral and ventro-dorsal digital radiographs of the thoracic vertebral column, and at least one congenital vertebral malformation. Radiographs were retrieved and interpreted by two observers who were unaware of neurologic status. Vertebral malformations were classified based on a classification scheme modified from a previous human study and a consensus of both observers. Twenty-eight dogs met inclusion criteria (12 with neurologic deficits, 16 with no neurologic deficits). Congenital vertebral malformations affected 85/362 (23.5%) of thoracic vertebrae. Vertebral body formation defects were the most common (butterfly vertebrae 6.6%, ventral wedge-shaped vertebrae 5.5%, dorsal hemivertebrae 0.8%, and dorso-lateral hemivertebrae 0.5%). No lateral hemivertebrae or lateral wedge-shaped vertebrae were identified. The T7 vertebra was the most commonly affected (11/28 dogs), followed by T8 (8/28 dogs) and T12 (8/28 dogs). The number and type of vertebral malformations differed between groups (P = 0.01). Based on MRI, dorsal, and dorso-lateral hemivertebrae were the cause of spinal cord compression in 5/12 (41.6%) of dogs with neurologic deficits. Findings indicated that a modified human radiographic classification system of vertebral malformations is feasible for use in future studies of brachycephalic "screw-tailed" dogs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Proposed Radiographic Classification Scheme for Congenital Thoracic Vertebral Malformations in Brachycephalic “Screw‐tailed” Dog Breeds

Gutierrez‐Quintana

Guevar

Stalin

et al. 2014

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

107

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show abstract

“…Furthermore, significant variation (pathological or not) in the number of ribs is found within amniote populations, resulting from uni- or bilateral absence or hypoplasia of ribs [38–44], presence of supernumerary ribs [40,41,43,45–49], or their co-ossification [40,41,46,50]. Various types of scoliosis may or may not be correlated with rib aplasia, presence of additional ribs, rib malformation or asymmetry [29–32,39,41,51,52]. In some cases, ribs may fail to form an articulation with a corresponding vertebra [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New tomographic contribution to characterizing mesosaurid congenital scoliosis

et al. 2019

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The presence of a pathology in the vertebral column of the early Permian mesosaurid specimen ZPAL R VII/1, being one of the oldest amniotic occurrences of congenital scoliosis caused by a hemivertebra, was recently recognized. Here we provide CT data to further characterize the phenomenon. The affected hemivertebra is wedged (incarcerated) between the preceding and succeeding vertebrae. The neural canal is misshapen but continuous and the number of dorsal ribs on each side of the specimen corresponds with the number of the vertebrae, documenting its congenital (homeobox-related) derivation.

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“…Najczęściej odnotowanymi objawami klinicznymi, które towarzyszą kręgom połowiczym, są: niechęć do ruchu, bolesność kręgosłupa, zaburzenia czucia głębokiego, wzrost napięcia mięśni grzbietu, niedowład kończyn oraz zaburzenia w oddawaniu moczu i kału. Pierwsze objawy pojawiają się zwykle około 3.-4. miesiąca życia (1,2,6,12,15).…”

Section: Praca Oryginalnaunclassified

“…Według obserwacji własnych, przeprowadzonych na badanej grupie zmianom w odcinku piersiowym najczęściej kręgi ulegają Th5-Th7 oraz Th9-Th10. Powyższe obserwacje nie do końca pokrywają się z danymi piśmiennictwa, według któ- rych najczęstszym miejscem występowania kręgów połowiczych jest środkowa część odcinka piersiowego kręgosłupa Th7-Th9 (2,4,5,11).…”

Section: Tab 1 Częstość Występowania Kręgu Połowiczego W Badanej Pounclassified

Prevalence of hemivertebrae in brachycephalic dog breeds according to radiographs

WADOWSKA

Dzierzęcka

2019

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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Hemivertebra is a kind of changed vertebra in the spine characterized by uneven vertebral body formation, which can cause curvature of the spine. It is an inherited congenital defect found in both humans and animals. This defect occurs predominantly in brachycephalic breeds, such as French Bulldogs, English Bulldogs, Pugs, and Boston Terriers. The aim of the study was to analyze the prevalence and the degree of development of this pathology in a selected population of French Bulldogs (n = 58), English Bulldogs (n = 9), and Pugs (n = 14). The occurrence of hemivertebrae was evaluated on X-rays performed in lateral and ventral-dorsal projections. Depending on the dog’s size, the voltage ranged between 76 and 54 kV, and the current ranged between 16 and 20 mAs. Hemivertebrae were found in 73% of dogs. The largest number of them were found in French Bulldogs and the fewest in Pugs. In 14% of dogs with confirmed malformation, neurological symptoms occurred. This study indicates that hemivertebrae is a developmental disorder most common in French Bulldogs, and the least frequent in Pugs. However, Pugs, more often than other breeds evaluated here, were diagnosed with hemivertebrae causing neurological disorders. In the thoracic segment of the spine, a hemivertebra usually affects Th5, Th6, Th7, Th9, and Th10. Due to the large prevalence of wedge-shaped vertebrae in brachycephalic breeds, radiographic examination for the presence of this defect is recommended in breeding dogs. Further uncontrolled proliferation of this defect may permanently damage the gene pool of these breeds.

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Nasca classification of hemivertebra in five dogs

Cited by 13 publications

References 12 publications

A Proposed Radiographic Classification Scheme for Congenital Thoracic Vertebral Malformations in Brachycephalic “Screw‐tailed” Dog Breeds

A Proposed Radiographic Classification Scheme for Congenital Thoracic Vertebral Malformations in Brachycephalic “Screw‐tailed” Dog Breeds

New tomographic contribution to characterizing mesosaurid congenital scoliosis

Prevalence of hemivertebrae in brachycephalic dog breeds according to radiographs

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