New tomographic contribution to characterizing mesosaurid congenital scoliosis

Szczygielski, Tomasz; Dróżdż, Dawid; Surmik, Dawid; Kapuścińska, Agnieszka; Rothschild, Bruce M.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0212416

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…In such cases, at least two hemivertebrae are present on opposite sides of the spine, separated by at least one normal vertebra. Hemivertebrae in a Paleozoic mesosaur ( Stereosternum tumidum ), in an ornithischian dinosaur ( Dysalotosaurus letwvorbecki ) and a temnospondyl amphibian (likely Eocyclotosaurus wellesi ) coincided with an abnormally curved vertebral column (Szczygielski et al, 2019; Witzmann, 2007; Witzmann et al, 2008). For osteichthyans, it has also been suggested that, during evolution, dorsal and ventral wedge‐shaped hemivertebrae expanded into two disks per segment (diplospondyly) that eventually fused into monospondylous vertebral centra (Starck, 1979).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and a temnospondyl amphibian (likely Eocyclotosaurus wellesi) coincided with an abnormally curved vertebral column (Szczygielski et al, 2019;Witzmann, 2007;Witzmann et al, 2008). For osteichthyans, it has also been suggested that, during evolution, dorsal and ventral wedge-shaped hemivertebrae expanded into two disks per segment (diplospondyly) that eventually fused into monospondylous vertebral centra (Starck, 1979).…”

Section: Vertebral Centrum and Arch Phenotypes As Pathologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deformity or variation? Phenotypic diversity in the zebrafish vertebral column

et al. 2023

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Vertebral bodies are composed of two types of metameric elements, centra and arches, each of which is considered as a developmental module. Most parts of the teleost vertebral column have a one‐to‐one relationship between centra and arches, although, in all teleosts, this one‐to‐one relationship is lost in the caudal fin endoskeleton. Deviation from the one‐to‐one relationship occurs in most vertebrates, related to changes in the number of vertebral centra or to a change in the number of arches. In zebrafish, deviations also occur predominantly in the caudal region of the vertebral column. In‐depth phenotypic analysis of wild‐type zebrafish was performed using whole‐mount stained samples, histological analyses and synchrotron radiation X‐ray tomographic microscopy 3D reconstructions. Three deviant centra phenotypes were observed: (i) fusion of two vertebral centra, (ii) wedge‐shaped hemivertebrae and (iii) centra with reduced length. Neural and haemal arches and their spines displayed bilateral and unilateral variations that resemble vertebral column phenotypes of stem‐ward actinopterygians or other gnathostomes as well as pathological conditions in extant species. Whether it is possible to distinguish variations from pathological alterations and whether alterations resemble ancestral conditions is discussed in the context of centra and arch variations in other vertebrate groups and basal actinopterygian species.

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