“…The assay was finally used for the study of three more complex sample matrixes: human serum, urine, and saliva. It is known that although the pH of blood is regulated in the body between 7.35 and 7.45, 47 the pH of saliva can range between 5.3 and 7.8, depending on the salivary flow, 48 and that of urine can vary between 4.4 and 8 and is determined by parameters such as an individual's diet, drugs intake, or health state. 49,50 In this study, dilution in PBS guaranteed that all samples showed a pH of around 7.4 before MP addition and that the pH did not affect DA immunocapture.…”