Nanoparticle emission by electronic sputtering of CaF2 single crystals

Alencar, I.; Hatori, Masahiro; Marmitt, Gabriel Guterres; Trombini, Henrique; Grande, P.L.; Dias, Johnny Ferraz; Papaléo, R.M.; Mücklich, A.; Assmann, W.; Toulemonde, M.; Trautmann, C.

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.147821

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The formation of a subsurface region is accompanied by the emission of atoms and fragments from the surface of the material-the effect known as inelastic sputtering or sputtering in the electronic stopping regime. 85,405,406 It is in contrast to elastic or nuclear sputtering, which is a result of ion-ion collisions, knocking atoms out of the surface. Inelastic sputtering is a result of atomic heating due to relaxation of excited electrons.…”

Section: B Atomic Response: Sputtering and Nanohillocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a two-step process, consisting of the direct atomic emission with high kinetic energies and a later hydrodynamic emission of atomic ensembles (nanoparticles or nanoclusters). 267,406 Increased atomic kinetic energy overcomes the cohesive energy of atoms, allowing them to escape from the surface during the first ten picoseconds after an ion impact. An example of it is seen in Fig.…”

Section: B Atomic Response: Sputtering and Nanohillocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frontiers, challenges, and solutions in modeling of swift heavy ion effects in materials

Medvedev

Волков

Rymzhanov

et al. 2023

Journal of Applied Physics

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Since a few breakthroughs in the fundamental understanding of the effects of swift heavy ions (SHIs) decelerating in the electronic stopping regime in the matter have been achieved in the last decade, it motivated us to review the state-of-the-art approaches in the modeling of SHI effects. The SHI track kinetics occurs via several well-separated stages and spans many orders of magnitude in time: from attoseconds in ion-impact ionization depositing an extreme amount of energy in a target to femtoseconds of electron transport and hole cascades, to picoseconds of lattice excitation and response, to nanoseconds of atomic relaxation, and even longer times of the final macroscopic reaction. Each stage requires its own approaches for quantitative description. We discuss that understanding the links between the stages makes it possible to describe the entire track kinetics within a hybrid multiscale model without fitting procedures. The review focuses on the underlying physical mechanisms of each process, the dominant effects they produce, and the limitations of the existing approaches, as well as various numerical techniques implementing these models. It provides an overview of the ab initio-based modeling of the evolution of the electronic properties, Monte Carlo simulations of nonequilibrium electronic transport, molecular dynamics modeling of atomic reaction including phase transformations and damage on the surface and in the bulk, kinetic Mote Carlo of atomic defect kinetics, and finite-difference methods of track interaction with chemical solvents describing etching kinetics. We outline the modern methods that couple these approaches into multiscale and combined multidisciplinary models and point to their bottlenecks, strengths, and weaknesses. The analysis is accompanied by examples of important results, improving the understanding of track formation in various materials. Summarizing the most recent advances in the field of the track formation process, the review delivers a comprehensive picture and detailed understanding of the phenomenon. Important future directions of research and model development are also outlined.

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Section: B Atomic Response: Sputtering and Nanohillocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: B Atomic Response: Sputtering and Nanohillocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontiers, challenges, and solutions in modeling of swift heavy ion effects in materials

Medvedev

Волков

Rymzhanov

et al. 2023

Journal of Applied Physics

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“…Depending on the energy regime of the ions and the type of material being bombarded, the shape of the impact features and the underlying mechanisms of formation may differ, but the resultant structures are always huge compared to the atomic size of the particles that produce them. For example, in metals, a 400 keV Au ion impacting on a thin Au layer can produce rimmed craters containing thousands of atoms [16]; in polymers, a 200 MeV Au ion is able to eject, at grazing angles, a volume of material corresponding to a mass of ∼10 6 u [17]; in ionic crystals, a 180 MeV Au ion may eject a nanoparticle with a diameter of 10 nm [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact Features Induced by Single Fast Ions of Different Charge-State on Muscovite Mica

Alencar

Silva

Leal

et al. 2021

Atoms

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The influence of the charge state q on surface modifications induced by the impact of individual fast, heavy ions on muscovite mica was investigated. Beams of 593 MeV 197Auq+ with well-defined initial charge states over a relatively broad range of values (30 to 51) and at different irradiation geometries were used. At normal incidence, the impact features are rounded protrusions (hillocks) with ≳20 nm in diameter. At grazing angles, besides the hillocks, craters and elongated tails (up to 350 nm-long) extending along the direction of ion penetration are produced. It is shown that the impact features at normal incidence depend strongly on the initial charge state of the projectiles. This dependence is very weak at grazing angles as the ion reaches the equilibrium charge state closer to the surface. At normal ion incidence, the hillock volume scales with q3.3±0.6. This dependence stems largely from the increase in the hillock height, as a weak dependence of the diameter was observed.

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“…Surface modifications were mostly observed on insulating materials (e.g. CaF 2 , Al 2 O 3 , SrTiO 3 , BaF 2 , LaF 3 , LiF and others [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]) as they are more sensitive to structural modifications induced by electronic excitations due to their large bandgap [31]. While the energy deposition for irradiation with HCIs is surface sensitive and only affects the topmost layers, an irradiation with SHIs, due to the large penetration depth [32], is not desirable for e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nano-hillock formation on CaF₂ due to individual slow Au-cluster impacts

et al. 2021

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We present a direct way to generate hillock-like nanostructures on CaF2(111) ionic crystals by kinetic energy deposition upon Au-cluster irradiation. In the past, the formation of similar nanostructures has been observed for both slow highly charged ions and swift heavy ions. However, in these cases, potential energy deposition of highly charged ions or the electronic energy loss of fast heavy ions, respectively, first leads to strong electronic excitation of the target material before the excitation energy is transferred to the lattice by efficient electron-phonon coupling. We now show that the kinetic energy deposited by slow single Au-clusters directly in the lattice of CaF2(111) leads to the production of nano-hillocks very similar to those found with slow highly charged and swift heavy ions, with heights between 1 and 2 nm. Our results are in good agreement with previous cluster irradiation studies regarding energy deposition and hence nano-structuring of surfaces, and we present Au-cluster irradiation as novel tool to fine-tune nanostructure formation.

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Nanoparticle emission by electronic sputtering of CaF2 single crystals

Cited by 5 publications

References 65 publications

Frontiers, challenges, and solutions in modeling of swift heavy ion effects in materials

Frontiers, challenges, and solutions in modeling of swift heavy ion effects in materials

Impact Features Induced by Single Fast Ions of Different Charge-State on Muscovite Mica

Nano-hillock formation on CaF₂ due to individual slow Au-cluster impacts

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Nanoparticle emission by electronic sputtering of CaF2 single crystals

Cited by 5 publications

References 65 publications

Frontiers, challenges, and solutions in modeling of swift heavy ion effects in materials

Frontiers, challenges, and solutions in modeling of swift heavy ion effects in materials

Impact Features Induced by Single Fast Ions of Different Charge-State on Muscovite Mica

Nano-hillock formation on CaF2 due to individual slow Au-cluster impacts

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Nano-hillock formation on CaF₂ due to individual slow Au-cluster impacts