Nanoparticle eluting-angioplasty balloons to treat cardiovascular diseases

Abstract

Nanoparticles (NPs) can be used to locally deliver anti-restenosis drugs when they are infused directly to the injured arteries after intervention procedures such as angioplasty. However, the efficacy of transferring NPs via infusion to the arterial wall is limited, at least partially, due to poor NP retention on the inner artery wall. To improve NP retention, angioplasty balloons coated with drug-loaded NPs were fabricated via either layer-by-layer (LbL) electrostatic coating or acrylicbased hydrogel (AAH) coating techniques. Three types of NPs, namely poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA), biodegradable photo-luminescent PLGA and urethane doped polyester were studied. The transfer efficacy of NPs from various coatings to the arterial wall were further evaluated to find the optimal coating conditions. The ex vivo NP transfer studies showed significantly more NPs being transferred to the rat arterial wall after the angioplasty procedure by the AAH coating (95% transfer efficiency) compared to that of the LbL technique (60%) and dip coating (20%) under flow conditions (10 dyn/cm 2 ). Our results suggest that the AAH coating of drug-loaded NPs on the angioplasty balloon could potentially provide superior retention of drug-loaded NPs onto the arterial wall for a better local delivery of drug-loaded NPs to effectively treat arterial diseases.

Therapeutic applications of nanozymes and their role in cardiovascular disease

“…The number and length of PEG cuffs per NPs have been shown to fabricate signifi cant deviation in circulation time in blood vs clearance of organs by eliminating polymeric NPs [57]. Flourishing data supports the idea that NPS loaded coated drugs onto an angioplasty balloon surface is an assuring approach to moderately enhance and protract drug delivery to the wall of arteries [59]. Nanoparticles are made from poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) which is a biodegradable polymer that has been used as a vehicle of drug delivery for continuous releases of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs [22].…”

The Application of Nanomaterials in Cardiovascular Diseases: A Review on Drugs and Devices

“…For instance, traditional drug-eluting stents can cause some complications owing to the side effects of anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory drugs, which delay endothelialization. However, whether nanopatterning on an approved material can significantly replace the anti-proliferative drugs or not, certainly merits intensive researches [1,10,17,18].…”

“…It includes all pathologies of the heart and circulatory system such as peripheral vascular disease, coronary heart disease and stroke. CVDs are one of the most significant leading causes of death around the world according to the World Health Organization (WHO) [1,2]. Therefore, there is a need for the development of improved treatments for CVDs.…”

“…Over the past decades, a wide variety of nanostructure systems have been designed for drug delivery and in fabrication of biomedical implantable devices [1,9,10,17]. Nanomaterials offer extraordinary openings for overcoming the restrictions of conventional biomaterials.…”

Encapsulation of Large-Size Plasmids in PLGA Nanoparticles for Gene Editing: Comparison of Three Different Synthesis Methods

“…These characteristics have potentiated the use of PLGA NPs as nano-drug delivery systems (nanoDDS) in a wide variety of diseases, including cardiovascular [ 17 , 18 ], neurodegenerative [ 19 , 20 ] and inflammatory and immune system diseases [ 21 , 22 ], infection [ 23 ], cancer [ 24 , 25 ], regenerative medicine [ 26 , 27 ] and even in the field of theragnostics and vaccines [ 28 , 29 ]. The efficacy of these PLGA-based nanoDDS has already been proven in clinical trials [ 30 ], and the manufacturing of drugs such as Atridox ® (to deliver doxycycline for periodontal treatment), Sandostatin ® (which contains octreotide for acromegaly) and Lupron depot ® (with leuprorelin for prostate cancer) has been approved by the FDA and the EMA and are already commercially available [ 31 ].…”